美国经典黑色电影中男性形象类型探析

Types of Male Images in American Classical Film Noir

依据故事主题,美国经典黑色电影大致可以分为犯罪冒险类、战后老兵类和硬汉侦探类三类。与此对应,这三类电影分别呈现了法律逾越者、战后回归者以及城市追逐者三种不同类型的男性形象。在前两类人物身上,男性气质彻底失落,男性中心权力结构遭毁,焦虑与恐惧、困惑与幻灭集于一身,男性形象危机显而易见;在后一类人物身上,则体现出试图重构男性气质的努力和希望。在梦魇般的世界中,美国经典黑色电影呈现了这三类男性形象,并以此不断突显社会意识形态意涵,寻求社会批判的可能途径。

According the theme of story,American Classical Film Noir can be divided into three types:criminal adventure story,war veteran story and tough detective story.Correspondingly,they present three different types of male images:the lawbreakers;the post-war returnees and the urban chasers.In the first two types of characters,the crisis of male image is obvious,since the masculinity is completely lost,the male-centered power structure is destroyed,anxiety and fear,confusion and disillusionment are all rolled into one.In the latter kind of characters,the efforts and hopes of trying to reconstruct masculinity are reflected.In the nightmarish world,the American classic film noir presents these three types of male images.In this way,it constantly highlights the meaning of social ideology and seeks possible ways of social criticism.