5种除草剂对宁夏入侵生物刺苍耳的防控效果初探

Preliminary Study on Control Effects of Five Herbicides on Invasive Species of Xanthium sibiricum in Ningxia

本研究旨在筛选出适合在宁夏地区防控刺苍耳的除草剂,通过田间试验测定了2-甲基-4-氯二甲胺盐、氯氟吡氧乙酸、苯嘧·草甘膦、硝磺草酮、苯唑草酮5种除草剂对刺苍耳的株防效和鲜重防效。通过单因素方差分析及差异显著性检验,统计株防效。研究结果显示,在5种除草剂中,60%2-甲基-4-氯二甲胺盐AS 750 mL/hm^(2)、200 g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 900 mL/hm^(2)、40%苯嘧·草甘膦OD 1500 mL/hm^(2)对刺苍耳防效显著,21 d防效分别为96.62%、98.31%、100%;鲜重防效结果显示,200 g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 900 mL/hm^(2)、40%苯嘧·草甘膦OD 1500 mL/hm^(2)防控效果最好,21 d防效分别为93.94%、100%。综合以上防效结合作物种类,在荒地、林地、沟渠等防除刺苍耳,可选择灭生性除草剂苯嘧·草甘膦,在小麦、玉米等禾本科作物田防除刺苍耳,可优先选用氯氟吡氧乙酸类除草剂。本研究解过为筛选出高效防除药剂,及刺苍耳的防除提供了理论依据与数据支持。

This study aims to screen one or two kinds of herbicides which are suitable for the control of X.sibiricum in Ningxia region.The plant control effects and fresh weight control effects of 5 herbicides,including 2 methyl 4 chlorodimethylamine salt,fluroxypyr,saflufenacil·glyphosate,nitrosulone,topramezone on X.sibiricum,were determined by field experiments.After 21 days,the results of plant control effects showed that among the five herbicides,2 methyl 4 chlorodimethylamine salt 60%AS with 750 mL/hm^(2),fluroxypyr 200 g/L EC with 900 mL/hm^(2),and saflufenacil·glyphosate 40%OD with 1500 mL/hm^(2) presented excellent plant control effect,and the control effects were 96.62%,98.31%,and 100%,respectively;the results of fresh weight control effects showed that fluroxypyr 200 g/L EC with 900 mL/hm^(2) and saflufenacil·glyphosate 40%OD with 1500 mL/hm^(2) had remarkable control effects,which were 93.94%and 100%,respectively.Based on the results of control effects,as well as the different crops,the biocidal herbicide saflufenacil·glyphosate can be selected for the control of X.sibiricum in wasteland,forest land,ditches,etc.In the control of X.sibiricum in gramineous crop fields such as wheat and corn,fluroxypyr herbicides were the first choice.