苏州市夏冬季挥发性有机物污染特征及健康风险评价

Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in summer and winter in Suzhou

用环境空气挥发性有机物(VOCs)自动监测仪对苏州市城区环境空气VOCs组分进行连续监测,选取冬季(2021年12月—2022年2月)、夏季(2022年6月—8月)在线监测数据,比较夏冬季环境空气VOCs的各组分含量、光化学反应特性、主要来源,以及健康风险.研究结果表明,苏州市TVOC冬季(41.96×10^(−9))高于夏季(23.46×10^(−9)),冬季烷烃占比高(46.39%),夏季OVOCs占比为33.6%;臭氧生成潜势(OFP)贡献从大到小依次为OVOCs、烯烃、芳香烃、烷烃、炔烃、卤代烃;二次有机气溶胶(SOAFP)为0.63μg·m^(−3),芳香烃对SOAFP平均贡献达95.2%;最后,利用PMF模型解析6个VOCs的污染来源,分别是机动车排放、光化学反应二次生成、电子和纺织工业排放、工业涂料使用、液化石油气使用和汽油挥发;健康风险评估发现,冬季致癌风险高于夏季,乙醛可能存在致癌风险,冬季和夏季均存在非致癌风险,主要受丙烯醛影响较大;光化学反应二次生成、电子和纺织工业等排放对人体健康影响较大.

Using an ambient volatile organic compounds(VOCs)automatic monitoring system,continuous measurements of VOCs in urban air of Suzhou were conducted during winter(December 2021-February 2022)and summer(June-August 2022).The comparative investigation of concentrations,characteristics,sources,and health risk assessment of seasonal VOCs was carried out.In this study,the concentration of the total observed VOC(TVOC)in winter(41.96×10^(−9))was higher than in summer(23.46×10^(−9)),with alkanes dominating in winter(46.39%).In contrast,oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs)accounted for 33.6%in summer.The ozone forming potential(OFP)contributors,ranked from high to low,were OVOCs,alkenes,aromatics,alkanes,alkynes,and halogenated hydrocarbons.The secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOAFP)averaged 0.63μg·m^(−3),with aromatic contributing 95.2%on average to SOAFP.Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)analysis identified six major sources of VOCs pollution:vehicle exhaust,secondary products,electronic and textile industries,LPG usage,and gasoline evaporation.Health risk assessment indicated higher carcinogenic risks in winter compared to summer,with acetaldehyde posing a potential cancer risk.Both seasons exhibited non-carcinogenic risks,predominantly influenced by acrolein.Secondary products and electronic and textile industries were found to have significant impacts on human health.