浮萍人工培养和调控及其在稻田生态系统中的作用

Artificial Cultivation and Regulation of Duckweed and Its Role in Rice Field Ecosystem

文章介绍了浮萍的生理生态特点、发生分布规律以及自然状态下的繁殖方式;基于这些特征特性,进一步归纳了关于浮萍实验室内的制备和培养塘等规模化养殖方法的最新研究和探索,系统梳理了影响浮萍生长的环境因素,重点阐述了浮萍在稻田水体中对氨氮转化和利用的作用。在农业生态领域,还需进一步开展关于稻田浮萍时空变化规律及其与水稻间互作关系等方面的研究,在降低因伴生浮萍过快生长造成的水稻产量下降风险的同时,充分发挥浮萍在稻田生态系统中的平衡效应,提升稻田生态系统的多样性和稳定性。

This paper presents the physiological and ecological characteristics of duckweed,its occurrence and distribution patterns,as well as the reproduction modes in its natural habitats.Based on these characteristics,the latest research and exploration on the preparation of duckweed in the laboratory and the large-scale cultivation methods of culture ponds were further summarized.The environmental factors affecting the growth of duckweed were systematically reviewed,with particular emphasis on the role of duckweed in the conversion and utilization of ammonia nitrogen in rice fields.Further research is needed on the dynamic changes of duckweed in rice fields and its interaction with rice in the field of agricultural ecology.While reducing the risk of rice yield decline caused by the rapid growth of duckweed,the balance effect of duckweed in rice field ecosystems should be fully utilized to enhance the diversity and stability of rice field ecosystems.