热塑性复合材料大长宽比接头超声波焊接研究进展

Progress in Ultrasonic Welding of Thermoplastic Composites with Large Aspect Ratio Joints

热塑性复合材料由于密度低、力学性能优越、加工成本低且可回收,已被广泛应用于汽车工业、航空航天、医疗器械等领域。超声波焊接是较为常用的复合材料连接技术,其焊接速度快,焊接强度高,密封性好,清洁无污染,成本低廉。生产实践中,超声波焊接以单点静态焊接为主,焊接面积小。而热塑性复合材料结构件的连接往往需要更大尺寸的焊接接头,单点静态焊接技术难以满足生产需求。本文在总结现有超声波焊接搭接形式和接头类型的基础上,提出大长宽比接头的概念,对比大尺寸截面变幅杆焊接、超声波多点焊接、超声波连续焊接等大长宽比接头超声波焊接的解决方法,总结其研究进展,展望未来热塑性复合材料大长宽比接头超声波焊接需解决的问题和发展趋势。

Thermoplastic composites are widely used in automotive industry,aerospace,medical equipment and other fields due to their low density,superior mechanical properties,low processing cost and recyclability.Ultrasonic welding is a commonly used composite material connection technology.It not only has fast welding speed,high welding strength,but also has good sealing performance,clean and pollution-free.In production practice,ultrasonic welding is mainly based on single-point static welding,and the welding area is defective.However,thermoplastic composite structural parts often require larger-sized welded joints,and single-point static welding is difficult to meet production needs.On the basis of summarizing the existing ultrasonic welding lap forms and joint types,this paper puts forward the concept of large aspect ratio joint.The solutions of ultrasonic welding of large length-width ratio joints such as large size cross-section horn welding,multi-point ultrasonic welding and continuous ultrasonic welding are compared.The research progress of joints with large aspect ratio is summarized,and the problems to be solved and the development trend of ultrasonic welding in the future are prospected.