基于数据挖掘的盆腔炎性疾病动物模型应用分析

Application Analysis of Animal Models for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Based on Data Mining

目的探究盆腔炎性疾病(pelvic inflammatory disease,PID)动物模型的造模要素和评价指标,为改进PID动物模型的造模方法、完善PID动物模型的合理应用提供参考依据。方法以“盆腔炎”并且“动物模型”或“鼠”或“豚鼠”或“兔”或“犬”或“猪”为主题词,在中国知网数据库、万方数据库和PubMed中检索2013—2023年发表的PID动物模型相关文献,对文献中记载的实验动物种类、造模方法、造模周期、检测指标、阳性对照用药和给药时间等内容进行整理归纳,建立数据库并进行统计分析。结果检索筛选出214篇符合纳入标准的PID动物模型文献。其中,模型动物种类选用最多的是SD大鼠,其次为Wistar大鼠;最常用的造模方式是机械损伤联合细菌感染法,其次是苯酚胶浆法;急性盆腔炎(acute pelvic inflammatory disease,APID)和慢性盆腔炎(chronic pelvic inflammatory disease,CPID)/盆腔炎性疾病后遗症(sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease,SPID)动物造模周期频次最高的是8~14 d,其他不明确分期PID造模周期频数最高的是7 d;高频检测指标包括用苏木精-伊红染色法观察组织病理、酶联免疫吸附法检测血清相关指标、肉眼观察组织外观变化、免疫组化法检测子宫组织中相关蛋白表达和病理评分等;阳性对照药物应用频次最高的是妇科千金片,其次是金刚藤胶囊;APID给药时间频数最高的是7 d,CPID/SPID动物模型给药时间频次最多的是15~21 d。结论目前SD大鼠和Wistar大鼠是制备PID模型常用的实验动物,采用机械损伤加混合细菌感染双重造模法与临床发病机制吻合度较高,可建立术后宫腔感染引起的PID模型;根据研究目的不同,可选取不同的阳性对照药物和检测指标进行整体评价。现有的PID动物模型研究大都以西医诊断为标准,对中医症候动物模型的研究较少,需结合中医理论病因病机,构建更符合中医临床病证的PID动物模型。

Objective To investigate the key elements for model establishment and determine the evaluation indicators of animal models for pelvic inflammatory disease(PID),providing a reference for improving modelling methods and optimizing the application of PID animal models.Methods The search query"Pelvic Inflammatory Disease"AND"Animal Model"OR"Rat"OR"Mouse"OR"Guinea Pig"OR"Rabbit"OR"Dog"OR"Pig"was used to retrieve relevant literature on PID animal models published from 2013 to 2023 in China Knowledge Network Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,and PubMed databases.The studies were analyzed and categorized based on experimental animal types,modelling methods,modelling cycles,detection indicators,positive control drugs,and administration duration.A database was established for statistical analysis.Results A total of 214 research articles on PID animal models meeting the inclusion criteria were identified.The most commonly used model animals are Sprague Dawley(SD)rats,followed by Wistar rats.The most frequently employed modelling method is a combination of mechanical injury and bacterial infection,followed by the phenol mucilage method.The most common modelling cycles for acute pelvic inflammatory disease(APID)and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease(CPID)/sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease(SPID)are 8 to 14 days,while for PID models without specific staging,the cycles are 7 days.High-frequency detection methods and indicators include histopathological observation using hematoxylin-eosin staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)for serum-related indicators,morphological changes of tissues observed with the naked eye,and immunohistochemical detection of related protein expression in uterine tissues,and pathological scoring.The most frequently used positive control drugs are Fuke Qianjin Tablets,followed by Jingangteng Capsules.The most common administration duration for APID is 7 days,and for CPID/SPID models,it ranges from 15 to 21 days.Conclusion Currently,SD rats and Wistar rats are commonly used as experimental animals for PID models.The dual modelling method of mechanical injury combined with mixed bacterial infection aligns closely with clinical pathogenesis and can be used to establish a PID model that simulates postoperative uterine cavity infection.Depending on the research objectives,different positive drugs and detection indicators should be selected for comprehensive evaluation.Most existing PID animal model studies are based on western medical diagnosis,with fewer studies focusing on Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndromes.There is a need to integrate TCM theories of etiology and pathogenesis to construct PID animal models that are more in line with TCM clinical symptoms.