家庭科学教育的基本特性、现实困境与实践进路

Basic Connotation, Realistic Dilemma and Practical Approach of Family Science Education

家庭科学教育强调家庭成员之间的共同参与,通过家庭生活中的各种场景和机会,引导子女主动探索、发现、思考和解决问题,培养其科学素养和创新能力。其基本特性为亲子互动性、生活实践性、个性化发展。家庭科学教育的实施存在四重困境:家长忙碌工作与教育投入之间的平衡之困,家庭科学教育资源与机会获取之困,学校教育与家庭教育主次失衡之困,科学知识储备与教育方法的缺乏之困。基于此,可以通过优化家长角色定位、拓宽资源获取渠道、重塑社会认知、提升家长科学素养等措施,来推动家庭科学教育的全面发展。

Family science education emphasizes the joint participation of family members and guides children to take the initiative in exploring,discovering,thinking and solving problems through various scenarios and opportunities in the family life,so as to cultivate their scientific literacy and innovation ability.Its basic characteristics are parent-child interaction,life practice and personalized development.There are four dilemmas in the implementation of family science education:the difficulty of balancing parents’busy work and educational input,the difficulty of obtaining resources and opportunities for family science education,the difficulty of imbalance between school education and family education,and the difficulty of lack of scientific knowledge reserves and educational methods.Based on this,the comprehensive development of family science education can be promoted by optimizing the role of parents,broadening the access to resources,reshaping the social cognition,and improving the scientific literacy of parents.