论强人工智能体的刑事责任主体资格

On Qualification of Criminal Responsibility Subject of Strong Artificial Intelligence Agent

近年来,随着人工智能技术的飞速发展,强人工智能体犯罪问题对传统刑事责任主体资格理论造成了一定的冲击。强人工智能体自身的特性决定其已经具备了一定的承担刑事责任的能力,但学界对其犯罪责任主体资格的认定仍存在较大争议。要弄清楚强人工智能体犯罪责任的归属问题,就应跳出“人类中心主义”的束缚,承认强人工智能体已经拥有一定的意识和法律人格,具备一定的辨认能力和控制能力,有能力实施刑法意义上的犯罪行为。基于此,强人工智能体在实施犯罪行为后应当受到刑法谴责,并通过对其犯罪行为的威慑和教育最终实现刑法惩治犯罪的目的及效果。

In recent years,with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,the problem of strong artificial intelligence agents has had a certain impact on the traditional theory of qualification of criminal responsibility.The characteristics of strong artifi⁃cial intelligence agents determine that they already have the ability to bear criminal responsibility to a certain extent,but there is still a great controversy among academia about the identification of the qualifications of the subject of criminal responsibility.In order to un⁃derstand the attribution of responsibility for crimes of strong artificial intelligence agents,it is necessary to jump out of the shackles of“anthropocentrism”and recognize that strong artificial intelligence agents already have a certain degree of consciousness and legal per⁃sonality,a certain ability to recognize and control,and the ability to carry out criminal acts in the sense of criminal law.Based on this premise,it is concluded that strong artificial intelligence agents should be condemned by the criminal law after committing criminal acts,and finally realize the purpose and effect of punishing crimes by criminal law through deterrence and education of its criminal acts.