废弃风机叶片微波热解制取酚类化学品及再生纤维

Microwave Pyrolysis of Waste Wind Turbine Blades to Produce Phenolic Chemicals and Recycled Fibers

随着风电装备更新换代和早期机组批量废弃,风机叶片新型固废产量剧增。热解是复合材料资源化利用的有效方法,现有热解相关研究以纤维材料高质回收为主,然而树脂基体热解产物缺乏分离与高值利用评价。采用微波热解反应器处理废弃风机叶片实现纤维与树脂基体高值回收,考察不同反应条件(热解温度、微波功率)对树脂基体分解效率以及产物分布的影响规律,并通过Aspen Plus软件模拟可溶性产物分馏制备单酚化合物、未分离低值组分与不凝气燃烧供热过程。结果表明,在反应温度450℃和微波功率500 W时,环氧树脂热解可溶性产物产率最高(71%),可直接利用单酚化合物选择性最高(60.34%),经分离回收制备高值苯酚与异丙基苯酚。对该工艺回收废弃风机叶片进行物质流分析,评估过程经济效益,证明分离的高值单酚化合物与再生纤维可实现正向收益。

With the replacement of wind power equipment and the mass abandonment of early units,the production of new solid waste from wind turbine blades has increased dramatically.Pyrolysis is an effective method for resource utilization of composite materials,and existing pyrolysis-related studies are dominated by high-quality recovery of fibrous materials.However,there is a lack of separation and high-value utilization evaluation of resin matrix pyrolysis products.This study adopts microwave pyrolysis reactor to treat waste wind turbine blades to realize high-value recovery of fiber materials and resin matrix,examines the influence of different reaction conditions(pyrolysis temperature,microwave power)on the decomposition efficiency of the resin matrix and the distribution of the products,and simulates the fractionation of soluble products for the preparation of monophenol compounds,the unseparated low-value components,and the process of non-condensable combustion heat supply through Aspen Plus.The results showed that at the reaction temperature of 450 oC and microwave power of 500 W,the epoxy resin pyrolysis soluble product yield was the highest(71%),and the separable monophenol compounds had the highest selectivity(60.34%),which could be recycled to prepare high-value phenol and p-cumenol after separation.A material flow analysis was performed to evaluate the economic benefits of this process for the recovery of waste fan blades,and it was demonstrated that positive returns could be achieved from the separable high-value monophenol compounds and recycled fibers.