当代文学艾滋叙事的隐喻修辞

Metaphors in AIDS Narratives in Contemporary Literature

作为一种疾病,艾滋病在自身之外还附加了众多的隐喻与偏见。当代文学早期艾滋叙事讲述的大多是国外艾滋病患者的故事,显示了一种盲目排外的他者想象。与此同时,艾滋病又被视为一种世纪瘟疫,是对道德犯禁者的天降惩罚。当代文学艾滋叙事文本中存在着大量的军事话语,表现出一种明显的战争修辞特质。艾滋叙事中存在一些话语转义行为,用“爱滋病”“爱之病”或“热病”等指代艾滋病。艾滋叙事在艾滋病的污名建构中发挥了巨大作用,一些话语使用不当容易造成艾滋病的污名化,给艾滋病患者带来严重的精神伤害。

As a disease,AIDS is attached with many metaphors and prejudices.Most of the early AIDS narratives in contemporary literature tell the stories of AIDS patients abroad,showing a blind and exclusive imagination of the other.At the same time,AIDS is regarded as a plague of the century and a punishment from heaven for moral offenders.There are a lot of military discourses in the AIDS narrative texts of contemporary literature,showing an obvious war rhetoric.There are some discourse transfer behaviors in AIDS narratives,using love disease or fever to refer to AIDS.AIDS narratives have played a huge role in the construction of the discourse stigma of AIDS.The improper use of some discourses can easily lead to the stigmatization of AIDS and cause serious mental harm to AIDS patients.