基于熔体发泡法泡沫铝填充管力学性能研究

Study on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Foam Filled Pipe Based on Melt Foaming Method

采用熔体发泡法制备闭孔泡沫铝,研究泡沫铝填充密度对铝合金薄壁管的压缩及吸能性能提升作用,对比提升效果,确定最佳密度参数;并在最佳密度的基础上设计三类不同截面的复合结构,研究填充管的截面结构对压缩性能及吸能性能的影响,确定最佳结构参数。采用万能试验机进行准静态压缩试验,并利用有限元模拟结果与试验结果相对比,验证数据准确性。结果表明:填充梯度泡沫铝会增加薄壁管的力学性能,如屈服强度、平均压溃载荷和吸能性能,降低曲线波动性,密度为0.480 5 g/cm3的闭孔泡沫铝表现出最优结果;二次试验中,复合结构能进一步提升薄壁管的力学性能,其中外方管内圆管的复合结构具有最高的屈服强度、平均压溃载荷以及吸能效果。

The closed-cell aluminum foam was prepared by melt foaming method,and the effect of aluminum foam filling density on the compression and energy absorption performance of aluminumalloy thin-walled tubes was studied,and the optimal density parameters were determined by comparing the lifting effect.On the basis of the optimal density,three types of composite structures with different cross-sections were designed,and the influence of the composite structure of the filled tube on the compressive properties and energy absorption properties was studied,and the optimal structural parameters were determined.In the experiment,a universal testing machine was used to carry out quasi-static compression experiments,and the finite element simulation results were compared with the test results to verify the accuracy of the data.The results showed that the gradient aluminum foam increased the mechanical properties of the thin-walled tube,such as yield strength,average crushing load and energy absorption performance,and reduced the curve fluctuation,and 3 the closed-cell aluminum foam with a density of 0.4805 g/cm showed the best results.In the secondary test,the composite structure further improved the mechanical properties of the thin-walled tube,and the composite structure of the outer tube and the inner round tube had the highest yield strength,average crushing load and energy absorption effect.