基于砂型3D打印技术的壳体低压铸造工艺开发与验证

Development and Verification of Shell Low Pressure Die Casting Process Based on Sand Mould 3D Printing Technology

壳体型腔复杂且壁薄,采用传统工艺不仅造型困难,而且从模具设计到整体铸造工艺开发与验证,所用周期长、效率低,生产成本高。基于砂型3D打印技术快速制样优势,本文对壳体浇注系统采用随形设计方案,实现了型腔、叶片一体化结构成形制造,结合数值仿真计算分析,对浇注工艺进行设计优化,开展了浇注试制与铸件实物检测。结果表明,选用3D打印砂型整体成形工艺可实现复杂结构壳体的短周期、低成本与高精密制造,实现工艺样件的快速制造。

The shell casting has characteristics of complex internal cavity and thin-walled structure,therefore,it is not only difficult to adopt the traditional method of molding,but also from the mould design to the development and verification of the overall casting process,has characteristics of long cycle and low efficiency.Thus,the production cost is increased.Based on the advantages of 3D sand printing technology,this experiment adopted the shape design scheme for the shell pouring system to realize the integrated structure forming manufacturing of cavity and blade.Combined with the numerical simulation calculation and analysis,the pouring process was optimized,and the pouring trial production and casting detection were carried out.The results showed that the 3D sand printing integral forming process could achieve the short period,low cost and high precision manufacturing of complex structure shell,and realize the rapid manufacturing of process samples.