棕榈对废弃矿区土壤重金属复合污染适应特征研究

Study on adaptation characteristics of Trachycarpus fortunei tosoil heavy metal composite pollution in abandoned mining area

通过调查锑矿废弃地土壤重金属的污染现状,分析土壤中重金属污染来源,探究棕榈对土壤重金属污染的修复能力。选取冷水江市锑矿废弃地棕榈林为研究对象,分别于2018年及2021年采集棕榈根、干、棕、叶及土壤样品,通过测定Pb、Cd、Sb及As 4种重金属元素含量,研究棕榈各器官对重金属的富集能力及修复潜力。结果显示:(1)2018年及2021年研究区内土壤中Sb、As、Pb、Cd含量均高于全国土壤背景值及湖南土壤背景值。(2)棕榈各器官对重金属富集能力表现为:对Pb、Sb及As的富集能力为地上部分大于地下部分,而对Cd的富集能力为地上部分小于地下部分。棕榈根能有效转移Pb、Sb及As至地上部分,对Cd的转移能力较弱。(3)棕榈棕对Sb及棕榈根对Cd表现出良好的富集能力。研究结果表明:棕榈林能有效富集锑矿区废弃地土壤中Sb及Cd。

The status of heavy metal pollution in the soil of antimony mine wasteland,the sources of heavy metal pollution in soil were analyzed,and the ability of Trachycarpus fortunei to repair heavy metal was investigated.Based on the previous investigation,the T.fortune forest of antimony mine abandoned as selected as the research object,root,stem,palm,leaf of T.fortune and soil were collected in 2018 and 2021,respectively.The contents of Pb,Cd,Sb and As were determined to study the enrichment and repair potential of T.fortune organs for heavy metals.The results showed that:(1)The contents of Sb,As,Pb and Cd in soil were higher than the soil background value of nation and Hunan Province.(2)The heavy metal enrichment capacity of the organs of T.fortune showed that the enrichment capacity of Pb,Sb and As in the above-ground part was higher than that in the underground part,while the enrichment capacity of Cd was lower than that in the underground part.At the same time,the T.fortune root can effectively transfer Pb,Sb and As to the ground part,but the transfer ability of Cd was weak.(3)T.fortune showed high enrichment ability for Sb and the root for Cd.In conclusion,the T.fortune forest can effectively enrich Sb and Cd in the abandoned soil of antimony mining area.