高速公路隧道入口弹性交通柱对交通安全影响试验研究

Experimental Study on the Impact of Reboundable Traffic Cylinders at Highway Tunnel Entrances on Traffic Safety

为了探究弹性交通柱对高速公路隧道入口区域交通安全改善效果,分别搭建高度为100 cm、90 cm、75 cm的荧光膜弹性交通柱与无弹性交通柱4种场景,通过驾驶模拟平台开展试验并获取驾驶数据。基于高速公路隧道入口处的驾驶员人因特征,分析有无弹性交通柱以及不同弹性交通柱方案对驾驶人车道保持、车速控制的影响。研究表明:荧光膜弹性交通柱使车辆轨迹横向偏移较小且稳定,相较于无弹性交通柱场景,100 cm、90 cm、75 cm高的弹性交通柱方案下驾驶人车道保持能力分别提升44.93%、36.38%、14.62%;设置弹性交通柱能够有效提高驾驶人对车速的控制能力,在接近段警示驾驶人提前减速,车速接近85%最高限速且平稳,相较于无弹性交通柱场景,100 cm、90 cm、75 cm高的弹性交通柱方案下驾驶人对车速的控制能力分别提升38.38%、30.40%、13.36%;弹性交通柱能提升隧道入口区域视线诱导的连续性、一致性、对称性,弹性交通柱高度与改善效果呈正相关,90 cm、100 cm高的弹性交通柱对于交通安全提升有着良好效果。

To explore the effectiveness of reboundable traffic cylinders in improving traffic safety at highway tunnel entrances,four scenarios were constructed using fluorescent reboundable traffic cylinders with heights of 100 cm,90 cm,and 75 cm,as well as without reboundable traffic cylinders.Experiments were conducted using a driving simula⁃tion platform to collect driving data.Based on the human characteristics of drivers at highway tunnel entrances,the impact of different scenarios with/without reboundable traffic cylinders and different reboundable traffic cylinder schemes on lane keeping and speed control of drivers was analyzed.The study shows that fluorescent reboundable traffic cylinders can result in smaller and more stable lateral deviations of vehicle trajectory.Compared to the sce⁃nario without reboundable traffic cylinders,driver's lane-keeping ability can be improved by 44.93%,36.38%,and 14.62%under the 100 cm,90 cm,and 75 cm reboundable traffic cylinders schemes,respectively.Using the re⁃boundable traffic cylinders can effectively control vehicle speed,warning drivers to decelerate in advance in the ap⁃proach section.The vehicle speeds can be maintained near 85%of the maximum limit and were stable.Compared to the scenario without reboundable traffic cylinders,the speed control ability improved by 38.38%,30.40%,and 13.36%under the 100 cm,90 cm,and 75 cm reboundable traffic cylinder schemes,respectively.The reboundable traffic cylinders can enhance the continuity,consistency,and symmetry of the sight guidance in the tunnel entrance area,with the height of the reboundable traffic cylinders being positively correlated with the improvement effect.The 90 cm and 100 cm reboundable traffic cylinders can significantly improve traffic safety.