黄山遗址出土骨梳现状分析研究

Analytical Research of Current Condition of Bone Combs Unearthed from Huangshan Site

为对黄山遗址出土的屈家岭文化时期3把骨梳进行科学的保护,了解文物的保存现状,本文利用CT扫描、离子色谱、X射线衍射、红外光谱和能谱方法对骨梳的埋藏土壤及本体的微观形貌、元素组成、物相结构进行了分析研究。结果表明,在长期的埋藏环境中,本体主要以无机成分羟基磷灰石为主,土壤中的CO_(3)^(2-)已经置换掉羟基磷灰石中的部分PO_(4)^(3-),骨梳内外的Ca/P数值基本一致,检测出微量的有机元素N,骨中有机成分几乎已全部分解。3把骨梳表面酥松,骨质结构遭到不同程度破坏,微观观察纵向裂纹明显,有片层脱落及粉化的趋势,骨梳2的状态要比骨梳1和3差,巫需进一步进行保护处理。

To scientifically preserve 3 bone combs of Qujialing Culture period unearthed from Huangshan Site and better understand the current condition of these relics,CT scanning and means of ion chromatography,X-ray difraction,infrared spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are used to analyze the micro-morphological details,elemental compositions and phase structures of the soil that contains the bone combs and the combs themselves.The results show that,lying underground for years,the bone combs are now mainly composed of inorganic hydroxyapatite,and that the CO_(3)^(2-)from the soil has replaced some of the PO_(4)^(3-)of the hydroxyapatite.The Ca/P values inside and outside the bone combs are basically the same.Trace of organic N has been detected.Almost all the organic components of the bone combs have been broken down.The 3 bone combs have flaky surface,and the bone texture is damaged to different extents.Microscopically,the longitudinal cracks on the combs are conspicuous,and the flakes tend to shed and become pulverized.Comb No.2,whose condition is worse than that of comb No.1 and comb No.3,awaits further protective treatments.