专利视角下储能技术发展态势分析

Analysis of Development Trend of Energy Storage Technology from the Perspective of Patent

储能技术是实现“双碳”目标的关键性支撑技术。专利是保护技术创新成果的重要方式,可以客观反映技术研发和市场竞争情况。将储能技术分为机械储能、热储能与电化学储能3个二级技术分支和7个三级技术分支,重点从专利申请量、专利公开量、申请国家(地区)分布、申请人、专利技术构成及专利价值度等方面进行研究,并对全球主要国家的储能技术专利进行综合对比。结果表明,我国储能技术专利申请量跃居全球第一,是全球首要保护目标市场国。中国在机械储能领域、日本在电化学储能领域分别具有明显规模优势,中国与日本在热储能领域相比其他国家具有一定的比较优势,电化学储能是当前的研究重点和热点。虽然我国储能技术专利申请量多,但专利平均被引次数、专利有效率及平均专利价值度均不具有优势,专利质量和价值与美国相比还有差距。我国可以通过提高储能技术国际化战略思维,加大储能技术政策性帮扶支持力度,深化产学研协同合作,助力抢抓以电化学储能为重点、以机械储能与热储能为补充的专利战略高地,培育更多具有自主知识产权且具备核心竞争力的企业。

Energy storage technology is a key supporting technology for achieving the"dual carbon"goal.Patent is an important way to protect the achievements of technological innovation,which can objectively reflect the situation of technological research and development and market competition.Energy storage technology is divided into three secondary branches,including mechanical energy storage,thermal energy storage and electrochemical energy storage,and seven tertiary branches.The studies on energy storage technology mainly focus on the number of patent applications,the amount of patent disclosure,the distribution of application countries(regions),the applicants,the composition of patent technology and the patent value degree,and a comprehensive comparison is made of the energy storage technology patents from major countries around the world.The results show that the number of patent applications for energy storage technology in China ranks first in the world,and China is the world's primary protection target market.China has obvious scale advantages in the field of mechanical energy storage,while Japan has obvious scale advantages in the field of electrochemical energy storage.Compared with other countries,China and Japan have certain advantages in the field of thermal energy storage,and electrochemical energy storage is the focus and hot spot in the current research.Although China has a large number of patent applications for energy storage technology,China has no advantage in terms of average patent citations,patent efficiency and average patent value degree,and there is still a gap between China and the United States in terms of patent quality and value.China can improve the international strategic thinking of energy storage technology,strengthen the policy support for energy storage technology,deepen the industry-university-research cooperation,help seize the patent strategic highland with electrochemical energy storage as the focus and mechanical energy storage and thermal energy storage as the supplement,and cultivate more enterprises with independent intellectual property rights and core competitiveness.