异型截面铝型材滚弯过程回弹机理及预报模型研究

Research on the rebound mechanism and prediction model of aluminum profiles with irregular cross-sections during rolling and bending process

异型截面铝型材原料因其轻质、高强、抗腐等特点,作为大型结构件在列车车头得到广泛应用。但由于该类型材具有截面复杂、壁体多样、通长镂空等特征,在滚弯加工后不可避免地存在回弹现象。充分结合滚弯装备的结构与工艺特点,对滚弯过程异型截面铝型材进行了受力分析,揭示了卸料后铝型材的回弹机理。提出了异型截面铝型材等效截面系数的计算方法,结合中性层半径与材料属性及内应力的内在关系,建立了异型截面铝型材滚弯过程回弹预报模型,实现了滚弯回弹半径与回弹量的定量预报,并在现场取得了显著的应用效果,具有进一步推广应用的价值。

The aluminum profiles with irregular cross-sections are widely used as large structural components in train locomotives due to their lightweight,high strength,and corrosion resistance characteristics.However,due to the characteristics such as complex cross-section,diverse wall structures,and continuous hollow out,this type of material inevitably experiences rebound phenomenon after rolling and bending.Based on the structure and process characteristics of the rolling and bending equipment,a force analysis was conducted on the irregular section aluminum profiles during the rolling and bending process,and revealing the rebound mechanism after unloading.Furthermore,a calculation method for the equivalent cross-sectional coefficient was proposed,and a rebound prediction model for aluminum profiles with irregular cross-sections was established by the inherent relationship between the neutral layer radius,material properties,and internal stress,which achieves the quantitative prediction of the rebound radius and amount during rolling bending.Its application effect is significant and has the value of further promotion and application.