Ka波段圆极化折叠反射阵列天线设计与优化

Design and Optimization of Ka-band Circularly Polarized Folded Reflectarray Antenna

基于1/2折叠反射超表面的原理,进一步研究了1/n的折叠反射超表面设计方法和性能优化步骤,目标是设计一种可以兼顾阵列效率和剖面高度的圆极化阵列。折叠阵列架构采用1层极化反射单元,1层圆极化透射层和圆极化馈源。研究了一种右旋圆极化超表面单元,仿真结果表明,在25~35 GHz,该单元具有良好的极化选择特性。设计了一种转极化反射单元,仿真结果显示在25~35 GHz,该单元具有良好的转极化特性。提出并研究了1/n的折叠超反射表面的相位计算方法,通过仿真对天线阵列性能进行优化。为了验证提出的方法,对一款剖面高度比阵列口径为0.287的31×31圆极化折叠阵列进行了仿真和测试,测试结果与仿真结果较为一致。测试结果表明,设计的圆极化折叠阵列具有36.1%的口径效率,3.6%的1 dB增益带宽,11.4%的3 dB增益带宽和16.6%的3 dB轴比带宽。提出的方法很好地平衡了天线效率与天线剖面,为高性能折叠阵列设计提供了一种新的研究思路。

Based on the principle of 1/2 folded reflective metasurfaces,the design method and performance optimization steps of 1/n folded reflective metasurfaces are further studied.The goal is to design a circularly polarized array that can simultaneously consider array efficiency and profile height.The folding array architecture adopts one layer of polarized reflection unit,one layer of circularly polarized transmission layer,and a circularly polarized feed source.A right-handed circularly polarized metasurface unit is studied,and simulation results showed that the unit has good polarization selection characteristics in the frequency range of 25~35 GHz.A polarization conversion reflection unit is designed,and simulation results show that the unit has good polarization conversion characteristics in the frequency range of 25~35 GHz.A phase calculation method for 1/n folded super reflective surfaces is proposed and studied,and the performance of antenna arrays is optimized through simulation.In order to verify the proposed method,simulation and testing are conducted on a 31×31 circularly polarized folded array with a profile height ratio array aperture of 0.287.The test results are consistent with the simulation results.The test results show that the designed circularly polarized folded array has an aperture efficiency of 36.1%,a 1 dB gain bandwidth of 3.6%,a 3 dB gain bandwidth of 11.4%,and a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 16.6%.The proposed method effectively balances antenna efficiency and antenna profile,providing a new research approach for high-performance folded array design.