中国消除人间狂犬病的前景

The prospect of eliminating human rabies in China

2007年以来,中国每年狂犬病发病人数持续下降,中国已经进入消除人间狂犬病的攻坚阶段。中国将控制犬间狂犬病作为人间狂犬病防控的首要工作,实施监测围堵策略,同时着力提高狂犬病暴露后预防处置(post-exposure prophylaxis,PEP)的规范化水平。中国狂犬病免疫制剂的产能充足,为狂犬病防控提供了良好的生物制品保障条件。然而,中国犬只管理问题突出,不仅影响犬只免疫工作,也使得犬伤数量居高不下,导致人狂犬病PEP花费巨大。中国在开发更加廉价而高效的狂犬病疫苗方面相对滞后,而这类疫苗有助于更多狂犬病暴露者获得PEP。在中国的狂犬病防控工作中不存在无法克服的技术障碍,中国实现2030年消除人间狂犬病的前景是可期的。

Since 2007,the annual incidence of human rabies in China has been continuously decreasing,and China has entered the critical stage of eliminating human rabies.China will prioritize the control of rabies among dogs as the primary task for human rabies prevention and control,and implement surveillance and containment strategies,while also focusing on improving the standardization of post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP)for rabies.The sufficient production capacity of rabies immune preparations in China provides good biological product guarantee conditions for rabies prevention and control.However,dog management issues are prominent in China,not only affecting canine immunization,but also leading to a high number of canine injuries,resulting in huge costs for human rabies PEP.China lags behind in developing cheaper and more efficient rabies vaccines,which can help more rabies-exposed individuals obtain PEP.There are no insurmountable technical barriers in rabies prevention and control in China,and the prospect of achieving the elimination of human rabies by 2030 in China is promising.