上古汉语建筑工事类综合性谓词的语义和句法

Semantic and Syntactic Behavior of Object-embedding Verbs of Construction Meaning in Archaic Chinese

本文以上古汉语“城、沟”等表建筑工事义综合性谓词为主要考察对象,描写其句法语义表现并与“君、王”“军、师”“刖、黥”等进行比较。建筑工事类综合性谓词常带处所旁格宾语,处所论元增加原型受事特征,处于环境论元和客体论元的连续统的过渡地带;处所论元与客体影子论元形成外部领属关系。本文进而提出旁格宾语论元的实现受谓词词义特征、论元语义特征和语用修辞等多层因素影响,是句法一语义一语用接口问题。

This paper primarily examines object-embedding verbs in Archaic Chinese,such as"Cheng(城),Gou(沟)",which express the meaning of construction,by describing their lexical-semantics and syntactic behavior and comparing them with other relevant sets of object-embedding verbs such as"Jun(君),Wang(王)"aand"Jun(军),Shi(师)",as well as"Yue(刖),Qing(黥)".Verbs related to construction activities are often followed by a locative oblique object,with proto-patient features added to the locative argument,which lies within a spectrum between environmental and patient arguments;the locative argument establishes an external genitive relation to the shadow argument.This paper further argues that the argument realization of the locative object concerns the interface of syntax,semantics,and pragmatics,and can be influenced by multiple factors,including lexical-semantic features and pragmaticconsiderations.