陶渊明对“身”“形”的关注、思考及诗意表达

Tao Yuanming’s Attention,Thinking and Poetic Expression of“Body”and“Shape”

陶渊明在诗文中密切关注自己的“身”“形”,真实地记录了自己的生命历程及身体感受。由少年时期的“壮且厉”到后来年迈时的衰貌,让他产生了焦虑和恐惧。陶渊明还书写各种隐性身体,如被疲倦、饥饿、生病摧残的“身”“形”,以及醉酒状态下放任的“身”“形”等。基于此,陶渊明抽象出一个超越形体的“身”,并提出了“贵身”“养形”的思想,在现实中通过以神养形、不受拘束、参加劳动、知足寡欲等予以实践。他对“身”“形”的诗意表达,主要体现在:以俗为雅,予以审美观照;自我形塑,加强主体性建构;运用隐喻,表达对社会的反抗;借用身体,进行形象化和艺术化的哲理呈现。

ed a“body”that transcends the physique,and put forward the idea of“valuing the body”and“nourishing the shape”.In reality,he practiced it by nourishing the shape with god,being unconstrained,participating in labor,and being content with few desires.His poetic expression of“body”and“shape”is mainly reflected in:taking the vulgar as elegant,giving aesthetic observation;self-shaping,strengthening the construction of subjectivity;using metaphors to express resistance to society;borrowing the body,it presents the philosophy of visualization and artistic.