信托:土地经营权抵押权实现方式的创新

Trust:The Innovation of Realization Mode of Mortgage Right of Land Management Right

折价、拍卖和变卖不适合作为土地经营权抵押权实现的方式,现有的其他方式也存在着各自的局限性。信托是土地经营权抵押权实现方式的创新,在理论上和实践中均可行。作为抵押权实现方式的土地经营权信托的设立须经抵押权人同意,以抵押权人为唯一或第一顺位受益人,并办理信托登记。受托人的权利应有所限制,即受托人不得将土地经营权以转让、入股等方式流转给他人;应允许信托合同对受托人的分别管理义务另行作出规定,细化受托人谨慎管理义务的要求。应设置专门的信托监察人对受托人经营管理农地的行为进行监督。

To land management right mortgage,converting into money,auction and sale are not suitable for the fulfillment mode.There are limitations in the other existing realization modes of mortgage right of land management right.Trust is the innovation of realization mode of mortgage right of land management right,and it is feasible both in theory and practice.As the method to realize the mortgage rihgt,the establishment of the land management right trust should be agreed by the mortgagee,the mortgagee should be the sole or first beneficiary,and trust registration should be carried out.The trustee’s rights should be limited.The trustee should not circulate the land management right to others by means of transferring,shareholding,and so on.The trust contract should be allowed to prescribe separately the trustee’s separate management obligation.Requirements for the trustee’s duty of care should be specified.The special trust supervisor should be set up to supervise the trustee’s operation and management of agricultural land.