复杂通航环境下海港航道扩建规模仿真研究

Simulation study on expansion scale of seaport channel in complex navigation environment

沿海成熟港区周边的航道网及港区通航条件复杂,其航道改扩建的规模论证重点关注航道与港口发展的适应性问题,而传统静态估算或排队论计算方法难以解决改扩建航道建设规模的适应性问题。考虑到港航系统的随机性、动态性和复杂性,采用计算机仿真技术手段,基于Flexsim平台,结合通航环境特征,建立港航系统仿真模型,模拟船舶进出港作业全过程。以华南沿海某主要港口公共航道为研究对象,选取航道服务水平、船舶进出港延误艘次比例、船舶交通延误时间等指标对航道扩建规模进行综合对比,在未来航道通航效率不低于现状航道通航效率的前提下,提出推荐的航道扩建规模。研究成果可为沿海港口公共航道扩建规模设计提供借鉴。

For the channel expansion project of the mature seaport area,the surrounding channel network and the navigation conditions of the seaport area are complex.The demonstration of the scale of the channel expansion project should focus on the adaptability of the channel and seaport development.It is difficult to solve the adaptability problem of the construction scale of channel expansion project by traditional static estimation or queuing theory calculation methods.Considering the randomness,dynamics and complexity of the port and shipping system,this paper establishes a simulation model of the port and shipping system based on the Flexsim platform and the characteristics of the navigation environment.The model can simulate the whole process of ship entry and exit operations.In addition,this paper takes the public channel of a major port along the coast of South China as the research object,and selects the indicators to comprehensively compare the scale of waterway expansion,such as the service level of the channel,the proportion of the number of ship delayed,and the delay time of ships.Then,on the premise that the navigable level of the channel in the future is not lower than that of the current channel,the recommended expansion scale is proposed.The research results can provide reference for the design of the scale of public channel expansion project in coastal ports.