基于拓扑优化的电池液冷板结构设计研究

Design and Optimization of Battery Liquid Cooling Plate Structure Based on Topology Optimization

以最大换热量为目标函数,对电池液冷板结构进行不同雷诺数和流体域体积分数的拓扑优化.无量纲平均温度随雷诺数和流体域体积分数的增大而降低,流道也更加细化.选取拓扑优化平均温度最低的3组进行热力学数值模拟,以最高温度、温度标准差和进出口压差为冷板散热性能评价指标.结果显示,拓扑优化后的冷板散热性能十分优异,其中,采用雷诺数为125、体积域分数为0.6的拓扑优化结构性能最优,相比于传统并行流道最高温度下降3.99℃(9.92%),温度标准差下降1.62℃(49.62%),进出口压差下降42.28 Pa(27.61%).采用最优拓扑结构搭建电池散热模组,结果显示电池组最高温度为34.39℃,温度标准差为1.83℃,拓扑优化结构的冷板为电池的稳定工作提供了良好的温度环境.

The battery liquid-cooled plate structure was topologically optimized for different Reynolds numbers and fluid domain volume fractions with the maximum heat exchange as the objective function.The dimensionless mean temperature decreases with increasing Reynolds number and fluid domain volume fraction,and the flow channel becomes more refined.Three groups with the lowest topology-optimized average temperatures were selected for thermodynamic numerical simulation,and the maximum temperature,temperature standard deviation and inlet/outlet differential pressure were used as the evaluation indexes of the cooling performance of the cold plate.The results show that the topology-optimized cold plate has excellent heat dissipation performance.Among them,the topology-optimized structure with a Reynolds number of 125 and a volume domain fraction of 0.6 has the best performance,with a reduction of the maximum temperature by 3.99℃(9.92%),the standard deviation drop of the temperature by 1.62℃(49.62%),and the difference between the inlet and outlet pressures drop of 42.28 Pa(27.61%)compared to that of the conventional parallel flow channel..The optimal topology was used to build the battery cooling module.The results show that the maximum temperature of the battery pack is 34.39℃,and the standard deviation of the temperature is 1.83℃.The topology-optimized structure of the cold plate provides a good temperature environment for the stable operation of the battery.