论国家出资公司“集团治理特殊性”的分类裁判规则

Classified Adjudication Rules on the“Particularity of Group Governance”of State-Funded Companies

国家出资公司集团中部分子公司经营决策受集团母公司统一控制,与强调子公司意志独立的现行法规范出现冲突。但有的国家出资公司为实现公共利益,遵循母公司统一控制具有必要性,部分司法裁判以社会科学形式认可了该类集团治理特殊性,引致较多类案不同判情形。对此,明确公共利益作用场域成为厘清国家出资公司“集团治理特殊性”司法适用的前提,而分类改革政策区分市场竞争、公共利益作用场域的特点与该前提相契合。“集团治理特殊性”裁判规则在市场配置起决定作用的基础上,分类适用如下:商业一类应当恪守竞争中性原则,与私营企业法律适用保持一致,排除特殊性规则适用;公益类豁免适用竞争中性原则,认可其集团治理因政策差异存在特殊性;商业二类分离出“特殊业务”,仅认可该类业务治理特殊性。

Almost all state-funded companies are members of corporate groups,and the operation decisions of some subsidiaries are subject to the unified control of the group’s parent company,which is in conflict with existing legal norms that emphasize the independence of the will of subsidiaries.However,in order to realize the public interest,it is necessary for some state-funded companies to follow the unified control of the parent company.Some judicial judgments recognize the particularity of the governance of such groups in the form of social science,leading to different cases in many cases.leading to more classified cases of different judgments.In this regard,clarifying the field of public interest has become a prerequisite for clarifying the judicial application of the“group governance particularity”of state-funded companies,and the classification reform policy that distinguishes market competition and the field of public interest are in line with this premise.Based on the decisive role of market allocation,the“group governance particularity”judgment rules are classified and applied as follows:the classⅠof commercial enterprises should abide by the principle of competitive neutrality,maintain consistency with the application of private enterprise laws,and exclude the application of special rules;the class of public interest enterprise should be exempted from the application of the principle of competitive neutrality,recognize the group governance particularity due to policy differences;For the classⅡof commercial enterprises,only the the governance particularity of their public interest businesses should be recognized.