产教联合体建设:一个项目制治理下的解释性框架

Construction of Industry-education Consortium:An Explanatory Framework under Project System Governance

自我国实施分税制改革之后,项目制由最初的财政领域扩散到社会公共领域的各个方面,成为一种动员和组织国家与社会资源的“新的国家治理体制”。在此背景下,随着深化产教融合的持续推进,项目制也被引入产教联合体建设之中。项目制治理下产教联合体建设是一个逐渐演进的历程,主要经历了奠基期和发展期两个基本阶段。其运行机制包括资源嵌入管理、构建行动链、多层级组织架构以及激励—压力传导四个部分,不断形塑并持续推进产教联合体建设,取得了很好的成效,主要表现为产教联合体类型多元化、推动地方产教联合体建设、企业的重要办学主体作用增强、职业教育类型属性彰显。为更好地实现职业教育治理现代化,完善产教联合体建设治理机制,需要精准做好项目分配与调整,关注多元主体的需求,避免项目“碎片化”,引入第三方评价组织,等等,以不断提升产教联合体建设的效能。

After the implementation of the tax-sharing system reform in our country,the project sys-tem has spread from the initial financial field to various aspects of the public sphere,becoming a“new national governance system”that mobilizes and organizes national and social resources.In this context,with the continuous promotion of deepening the integration of industry and education,the project sys-tem has also been introduced into the construction of industry-education consortium.The construction of industry-education consortium under project system governance is a gradual evolution process,mainly going through two basic stages:the foundation period and the development period.The opera-tional mechanism includes four parts:resource embedding management,building action chains,multi-level organizational structures,and incentive pressure transmission.It continuously shapes and promotes the construction of industry-education consortium,achieving good results.The main mani-festations are the diversification of industry-education consortium types,the promotion of local indus-try-education consortium construction,the enhancement of the important role of enterprises as educa-tional entities,and the manifestation of vocational education type attributes.In order to better achieve the modernization of vocational education governance and improve the governance mechanism for the construction of industry-education consortium,it is necessary to accurately allocate and adjust projects,pay attention to the needs of multiple subjects,avoid project fragmentation,introduce third-party e-valuation organizations,etc.,in order to continuously improve the efficiency of the construction of in-dustry-education consortium.