黄羽肉鸡的品种和生长期对5种饲料原料代谢能的影响

Effects of Breed and Growing Phase of Yellow-Feathered Broilers on Metabolizable Energy of Five Feed Ingredients

本试验旨在研究黄羽肉鸡的品种和生长期对5种饲料原料代谢能(ME)的影响。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,设4个处理水平,分别为T1:快速型黄羽肉鸡(黄脚麻鸡)-生长前期;T2:快速型黄羽肉鸡-生长中后期;T3:慢速型黄羽肉鸡(雪山草鸡)-生长前期;T4:慢速型黄羽肉鸡-生长中后期,每个处理6个重复,每个重复4只鸡。选择26和47日龄的黄脚麻鸡以及33和61日龄的雪山草鸡各144只,通过全收集排泄物法测定玉米-大豆粕基础饲粮及5种试验饲粮(玉米饲粮、小麦饲粮、大豆粕饲粮、花生粕饲粮、玉米蛋白粉饲粮)的表观代谢能(AME)、氮校正表观代谢能(AMEn)及粗蛋白质(CP)代谢率,并计算5种饲料原料(玉米、小麦、大豆粕、花生粕、玉米蛋白粉)的ME(包括AME和AMEn)以及能量代谢率(ME/GE,包括AME/GE和AMEn/GE)。结果显示:快速型黄羽肉鸡对基础饲粮和5种试验饲粮的AME和AMEn均显著低于慢速型黄羽肉鸡(P<0.05)。除花生粕外,快速型黄羽肉鸡对4种饲料原料的ME/GE和ME均显著低于慢速型黄羽肉鸡(P<0.05)。快速型黄羽肉鸡的生长期对5种试验饲粮的AME和AMEn无显著性影响(P>0.05);慢速型黄羽肉鸡生长中后期对玉米饲粮的AME和AMEn显著高于生长前期(P<0.05),而生长期对其他试验饲粮的AME和AMEn均无显著性影响(P>0.05)。快速型黄羽肉鸡生长中后期对大豆粕的ME/GE和ME显著高于生长前期(P<0.05),而生长期对其他饲料原料的ME/GE和ME均无显著性影响(P>0.05)。慢速型黄羽肉鸡的生长期对5种饲料原料的ME/GE和ME均无显著性影响(P>0.05)。上述结果表明,快速型黄羽肉鸡对5种试验饲粮和4种饲料原料的ME显著低于慢速型黄羽肉鸡,但2个品种肉鸡的生长期对大部分试验饲粮和饲料原料的ME无显著性影响。

The objective of this study was to study the effects of breed and growing phase of yellow-feathered broilers on metabolizable energy(ME)of five feed ingredients.A single-factor completely randomized design was adopted with four treatments including T1:fast growing type yellow-feathered broilers(yellow footed partridge chickens)at starter phase;T2:fast growing type yellow-feathered broilers at grower-finisher phase;T3:slow growing type yellow-feathered broilers(Xueshan chickens)at starter phase;T4:slow growing type yellow-feathered broilers at grower-finisher phase.Each treatment contained 6 replicates of 4 chickens.A total of 144 yellow footed partridge chickens at 26 days or 47 days of age and 144 Xueshan chickens at 33 days or 61 days of age were selected to determine the apparent metabolizable energy(AME),nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy(AMEn)and CP metabolizability of corn-soybean meal type basal diet and five experimental diets including corn,wheat,soybean meal,peanut meal and corn gluten meal diets by the total excreta collection,and then to calculate the ME(including AME and AMEn)and metabolizability of energy(ME/GE,including AME/GE and AMEn/GE)of five feed ingredients including corn,wheat,soybean meal,peanut meal and corn gluten meal.The results showed that the AME and AMEn of the basal diet and five experimental diets in fast growing type yellow-feathered broilers were significantly lower than these in slow growing type yellow-feathered broilers(P<0.05).Except peanut meal,the ME/GE and ME of four feed ingredients were significantly lower in fast growing type yellow-feathered broilers than slow growing type yellow-feathered broilers(P<0.05).The growing phase of fast growing yellow-feathered broilers had no significant effects on the AME and AMEn of the five experimental diets(P>0.05).The AME and AMEn of corn diet were significantly greater in grower-finisher phase than those in starter phase of slow growing type yellow-feathered broilers(P<0.05),while the growing phase had no significant effects on the AME and AMEn of other experimental diets(P>0.05).The ME/GE and ME of soybean meal were significantly greater in grower-finisher phase than those in starter phase of fast growing type yellow-feathered broilers(P<0.05),while the growing phase had no significant effects on the ME/GE and ME of other feed ingredients(P>0.05).The growing phase had no significant effects on the ME/GE and ME of five feed ingredients in slow growing type yellow-feathered broilers(P>0.05).These results indicate that ME of five experimental diets and four feed ingredients are lower in fast growing type yellow-feathered broilers than slow growing yellow-feathered broilers,but the growing phase of the 2 breeds of broilers has no significant effect on the ME of most experimental diets and feed ingredients.