黄芩素固体分散体对犊牛生长性能、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Baicalein Solid Dispersion on Growth Performance,Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Flora of Calves

本试验旨在研究黄芩素固体分散体对犊牛生长性能、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群的影响。选取(7±5)日龄、体重(45.82±3.37)kg的健康荷斯坦犊牛36头,随机分为3组,每组12个重复,每个重复1头。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,黄芩素组(BAI组)和固体分散体组(SD组)在饲喂基础饲粮的基础上分别添加0.4%黄芩素和含有0.4%黄芩素的黄芩素固体分散体。试验期为30 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,BAI组、SD组的第30天体重显著提高(P<0.05),SD组的平均日增重(ADG)显著提高(P<0.05)。与BAI组相比,SD组的第30天体重和ADG显著提高(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,BAI组和SD组的血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提高(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。与BAI组相比,SD组的血清GSH-Px、SOD活性和T-AOC显著提高(P<0.05),血清MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,BAI组和SD组的肠道菌群Chaol指数和Shannon指数显著提高(P<0.05)。与BAI组相比,SD组的肠道菌群Chaol指数和Shannon指数显著提高(P<0.05)。在门水平上,与CON组相比,BAI组和SD组的肠道厚壁菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),肠道拟杆菌门、变形菌门和梭杆菌门相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。与BAI组相比,SD组的肠道厚壁菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。在属水平上,与CON组相比,SD组的肠道拟杆菌属相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),BAI组和SD组的肠道粪杆菌属和罕见小球菌属相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。由此可见,在基础饲粮中添加黄芩素固体分散体可提高犊牛生长性能和抗氧化能力,提高肠道中有益菌的相对丰度,减少有害菌的相对丰度,改善肠道菌群结构。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of baicalein solid dispersion on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and intestinal flora of calves.Thirty-six healthy(7±5)days of age Holstein calves with body weight of(45.82±3.37)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 12 replicates per group and 1 calf per replicate.Calves in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,and others in baicalein group(BAI group)and solid dispersion group(SD group)were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.4%baicalein and baicalein solid dispersion containing 0.4%baicalin,respectively.The experiment lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with CON group,the body weight on day 30 of BAI group and SD group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the average daily gain(ADG)of SD group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with BAI group,the body weight on day 30 and ADG of SD group were significantly increased(P<0.05).2)Compared with CON group,the serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of BAI group and SD group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with BAI group,the serum GSH-Px,SOD activities and T-AOC of SD group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum MDA content was significantly decreased(P<0.05).3)Compared with CON group,the intestinal flora Chaol index and Shannon index of BAI group and SD group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with BAI group,the intestinal flora Chaol index and Shannon index of SD group were significantly increased(P<0.05).At the phylum level,compared with CON group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in intestine of BAI group and SD group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria in intestine were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with BAI group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in intestine of SD group was significantly increased(P<0.05).At the genus level,compared with CON group,the relative abundance of Bacteroides in intestine of SD group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium and Subdoligranulum in intestine of BAI group and SD group were significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding baicalein solid dispersion in basal diet can improve the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of calves,increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduce the relative abundance of harmful bacteria,and thus improve the intestinal flora structure.