喷施虾肽氨基酸叶面肥对阿克苏苹果贮藏性能的影响

Effect of Spraying Shrimp Peptide Amino Acid Foliar Fertilizer on Storage Performance of Aksu Red Fuji Apple

【目的】研究虾肽氨基酸叶面肥的使用对阿克苏红富士苹果在常温和4℃贮藏过程中贮藏性能的影响,为虾肽氨基酸叶面肥的应用提供参考依据。【方法】以红富士为试材,分别在2021年9月5日、9月15日、9月30日对其套袋果树和不套袋(光果)果树喷施1000倍虾肽氨基酸叶面肥,以清水为对照,在成熟期采摘果实分别放置在常温、4℃条件下贮藏,测定50 d内(每隔7 d测1次)不同处理下果实硬度、可溶性固形物质量分数、单果质量、总酸含量、失水率、腐烂果率等指标,进行贮藏性能分析。【结果】在常温贮藏条件下喷施虾肽氨基酸叶面肥后红富士苹果果实的腐烂果率、失水率、总酸含量较清水处理组低,硬度、单果质量、可溶性固形物质量分数较清水处理组高;在4℃贮藏条件下喷施虾肽氨基酸叶面肥后红富士苹果果实的失水率、总酸含量较清水处理组低,单果质量较清水处理组高,而硬度、可溶性固形物质量分数套袋果较不套袋果高。【结论】虾肽氨基酸叶面肥的使用能有效抑制贮藏过程中苹果的腐烂、较好地维持果实口感和硬度、减少贮藏过程中的水分流失。

【Objective】The effects of shrimp peptide amino acid foliar fertilizer on the storage performance of Aksu Red Fuji apple during storage at room temperature and 4℃were studied to provide reference for the application of shrimp peptide amino acid foliar fertilizer.【Methods】With Red Fuji as the test material,1000 times shrimp peptide amino acid foliar fertilizer was sprayed on bagged fruit trees and non-bagged fruit trees on September 5,September 15 and September 30,2021,respectively.With clear water as the control,the fruits harvested at the mature stage were stored at room temperature and 4℃,respectively.The fruit hardness,soluble solids content,single fruit weight,total acid content,water loss rate and rotten fruit rate were measured under different treatments within 50 days(once every 7 days),and the storage performance was analyzed.【Results】The rotten fruit rate,water loss rate and total acid content of Red Fuji apple fruit after spraying shrimp peptide amino acid foliar fertilizer under normal temperature storage conditions were lower than those of the water treatment group,and the hardness,single fruit mass and soluble solids mass fraction were higher than those of the water treatment group.Under the condition of 4℃storage,the water loss rate and total acid content of fruits after spraying shrimp peptide amino acid foliar fertilizer were lower than those of the water treatment group,the single fruit mass was higher than that of the water treatment group,and the fruit hardness and soluble solid mass fraction of the bagged fruits were higher than those of non-bagged fruits.【Conclusion】The application of shrimp peptide amino acid foliar fertilizer can effectively inhibit the rot of apples during storage,maintain the taste and hardness of apples better,and reduce the water loss during storage.