无溶剂聚氨酯防水透湿膜的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Performance of Solvent-free Waterproof and Breathable Polyurethane Membrane

以聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)、1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、流平及润湿性助剂为A组分,以聚丙二醇(PPG)、PEG与4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI-100)制备的预聚体为B组分,将A、B组分混合制备无溶剂聚氨酯(PU)防水透湿膜。讨论了流平及润湿性助剂对防水透湿膜平整性的影响,并考察了A组分中PEG/PTMG质量比对薄膜表观形貌、热稳定性、力学性能和防水透湿性的影响。结果表明,流平剂及润湿剂质量分数分别为1%和0.5%、A组分中PEG/PTMG质量比为7∶3时,PU防水透湿膜的拉伸强度为19.8 MPa,透湿度为14 200 g/(m^(2)·d),耐水压>90 kPa,膜表面平整致密,综合性能较好,可满足其在防水透湿领域的应用。

The mixture of polyoxyethylene glycol(PEG),polytetrahydrofurandiol(PTMG),1,4-butanediol,ethylene glycol,leveling and wetting additives was used as component A,the prepolymer prepared by polyoxypropylene glycol(PPG),PEG and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI-100)was used as component B,Solvent-free waterproof and moisture-permeable polyurethane(PU)membranes were prepared with component A and B.The effects of leveling and wetting additives on the flatness of the membranes were discussed,and the effects of PEG/PTMG mass ratio in component A on the apparent morphology,thermal stability,mechanical properties and water resistance and moisture permeability were investigated.The results showed that,when the mass fraction of leveling agent was 1%and wetting agent was 0.5%,the PEG/PTMG mass ratio of A component was 7∶3,the tensile strength of the waterproof and breathable PU film was 19.8 MPa,the moisture permeability of the PU film was 14200 g/(m^(2)·d),the water pressure resistance exceeded 90 kPa,the surface of the membrane was smooth and dense,and the comprehensive performance was strong,which could meet its application requirement in the field of waterproof and moisture permeability.