流域生态环境法院的生成及进路

The Formation of and Approach to River Basin Ecological Environment Court

从生成动因来看,流域生态环境法院与现行跨行政区划司法机构的设立具有一定的耦合性,均是为克服司法地方化、保障司法公正而对我国已有的司法管辖制度进行的积极调适。但就法律属性而言,宜将流域生态环境法院定性为具有明确司法辖区概念,在体制上追求流域司法治理一体化,在司法组织系统中与地方法院相互平行的专门化司法机构,这是在保证我国现有审判组织体系稳定运行且降低《中华人民共和国人民法院组织法》修改难度的应然之举。由于凡属重大改革都要于法有据,流域生态环境法院的设置亦应当有所依据。文章立足于我国流域司法管理体制实现逻辑转型所依附的法理与事理,通过追根溯源的方式,分别从必要性与可行性两个维度对流域生态环境法院的创设进行了基本证成,确保流域生态环境法院的创设既符合司法本身的运作逻辑,也能充分回应流域生态系统的内在规律。在流域生态环境法院的建设进路上,需从“表”与“里”两个层面加以推进。其中,“表”为外观,关涉的是流域生态环境法院如何建制的问题;“里”为内核,勾勒的是流域生态环境法院如何运行的问题。

From the perspective of generation factors,there is a certain coupling between the establishment of watershed ecological environment courts and current cross administrative judicial institutions,both of which are active adjustments to China?s existing judicial jurisdiction system to overcome judicial localization and ensure judicial fairness.However,in terms of legal attributes,it is advisable to characterize the watershed ecological environment court as a specialized judicial institution with a clear concept of judicial jurisdiction,pursuing the integration of watershed judicial governance in the system,and running parallel to local courts in the judicial organization system.This is a necessary move to ensure the stable operation of China?s existing judicial organization system and reduce the difficulty of amending the People?s Court Organization Law.Since all major reforms must be based on legal evidence,the establishment of the watershed ecological environment court should also have a basis.The article is based on the legal and practical principles attached to the logical transformation of China?s watershed judicial management system.Through tracing the source,it provides basic evidence for the establishment of watershed ecological environment courts from two dimensions:necessity and feasibility,ensuring that the establishment of watershed ecological environment courts not only conforms to the operational logic of the judiciary itself,but also fully responds to the internal laws of watershed ecosystems.In the construction path of the watershed ecological environment court,it is necessary to promote it from two levels:“surface”and“interior”.In them,“surface”refers to the appearance,which concerns the issue of how the watershed ecological environment court is established while“interior”is the core,outlining the issue of how the watershed ecological environment court operates.