基于3D打印技术的斜床身铸造工艺研究

Slant Bed Body Casting Method Investigation Based on 3D-printing Technique

介绍了斜床身铸件的结构及技术要求,针对采用传统造型制芯工艺存在的地脚面呛火和气孔缺陷、导轨面及弯刀部位夹砂问题,对床身铸件进行工艺优化。通过采用开放、底返式浇注系统,内浇道由导轨面垂直引入,可使铁液充型平稳,避免卷气、造渣,从而保证铸件无夹渣及气孔等铸造缺陷。通过采用木模底板+3D打印砂芯工艺方式,选择“垂直切片”分芯方式,由砂芯带出外观及内腔,木模底板带出浇注系统和砂芯定位,提高了铸件尺寸精度,降低了合箱操作难度,提高了生产效率,还有效防止了呛火、夹砂等缺陷的产生。

The structure and technical requirements of slant bed casting was introduced.In order to solve the traditional molding and core making process caused problems of ground foot surface boiling and blowhole defects,sand inclusions on rail surface and machete place,the bed body casting method optimization was conducted.Through using non-pressured and bottom return type gating system,the ingate entering the mold from rail surface vertically,it was possible make iron liquid filling the mold smoothly,avoid gas-involving and causing slag,and thereby ensuring the casting having not defects of slag inclusion and blowhole.Through using wood base plate+3D-pringting sand cores,selecting vertical slices type to divide sand cores,using sand cores to form external outline and internal cavity,using wood bottom plate to form gating system and to locating the sand cores,the casting dimensional accuracy was improved,the mold assembling difficult was reduced,and thereby the productivity was elevated,and also effectively avoided defects of boiling,sand inclusion.