煤气化细渣残炭的硝酸活化与电化学性能研究

Research on nitric acid activation and its electrochemical performance of residual carbon from coal gasification fine slag

将煤气化细渣残炭(RC)制备的炭材料应用于电极的活性材料,不仅可以减少固废污染、降低电极材料的成本,酸处理还可以有效改变炭材料的物理结构和表面化学性质。采用HNO 3活化RC,通过改变活化温度来调节RC的孔隙结构及表面官能团,探究其对活化材料电化学性能的影响。使用2 mol/L的HNO 3作为活化剂、在温度为80℃活化2 h后,可以得到活化材料(RCH_(3))的电流密度为0.5 A/g,比电容达到104.0 F/g;在电流密度为2.0 A/g时,使用RCH_(3)作为活性材料的对称超级电容器经过1万次循环后,电容值保持在初始值的96.03%,可以显示出更好的循环稳定性,这源于RCH 3具有丰富的含氧官能团、较高的润湿性、较大的表面积和介孔比率。

The application of carbon materials prepared by residual carbon(RC)from coal gasification fine slag as active materials for electrodes can not only reduce solid waste pollution and lower the cost of electrode materials,but also effectively change the physical structure and surface chemical properties of carbon materials through acid treatment.Using nitric acid(HNO 3)to activate RC,adjusting the pore structure and surface functional groups of RC by changing the activation temperature,and its effect on the electrochemical performance of active materials was explored.When 2 mol/L HNO_(3) was used as an activator and activated at 80℃ for 2 hours,the current density of the active material(RCH_(3))was 0.5 A/g,and the specific capacitance reached 104.0 F/g.At a current density of 2.0 A/g,the symmetrical supercapacitor using RCH_(3) as the active material maintained a capacitance value of 96.03% of its initial value after 10000 cycles,demonstrating better cycling stability.This was due to the rich oxygen-containing functional groups,high wettability,large surface area,and mesoporous ratio of RCH_(3).