慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疲劳现状及其相关影响因素分析

Analysis of fatigue status and related influencing factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者疲劳现状及其相关影响因素。方法:选取医院收治的97例COPD患者为研究对象,采用多维度疲劳表(MFI-20)评估患者疲劳现状,采用基线资料调查问卷、匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、呼吸困难分级问卷(mMRC)调查,并比较不同特征的COPD患者MFI-20评分,找出相关影响因素。结果:97例COPD患者MFI-20评分为(61.37±5.75)分,其中体力疲劳(13.25±2.76)分、脑力疲劳(11.34±3.25)分,活力下降(10.42±3.64)分,活动减少(13.35±3.74)分,综合性疲劳(13.01±3.52)分;不同病程、睡眠障碍、焦虑情绪、呼吸困难的COPD患者MFI-20评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);进一步研究结果发现,病程长、伴有睡眠障碍、中重度焦虑情绪、呼吸困难是影响COPD患者疲劳现状的因素(P<0.05)。结论:COPD患者疲劳处于中等水平,而病程长、伴有睡眠障碍、中重度焦虑、呼吸困难均是其影响因素,对此临床应针对上述因素积极开展心理疏导、健康宣教等护理干预,以帮助患者改善疲劳状况。

Objective:To analyze the status quo and related influencing factors of fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:97 COPD patients admitted to the hospital from February 2021 to October 2023 were selected as the study objects,and the fatigue status of patients was assessed by multidimensional fatigue table(MFI-20).Baseline data questionnaire,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale(PSQI),self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),dyspnea Rating Questionnaire(mMRC)were used to investigate and compare MFI-20 scores of COPD patients with different characteristics to find out the relevant influencing factors.Results:The MFI-20 scores of 97 COPD patients were(61.37±5.75)points,including physical fatigue(13.25±2.76)points,mental fatigue(11.34±3.25)points,vitality decreased(10.42±3.64)points,activity decreased(13.35±3.74)points.Comprehensive fatigue(13.01±3.52)score;MFI-20 scores of COPD patients with different disease course,sleep disorder,anxiety and dyspnea were compared(P<0.05);Further study showed that long course of disease,sleep disorder,moderate to severe anxiety and dyspnea were the factors affecting the fatigue status of COPD patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:The fatigue of COPD patients is at a moderate level,and the long course of the disease,accompanied by sleep disorders,moderate and severe anxiety,dyspnea are the influencing factors.The clinical nursing intervention should be actively carried out according to the above factors,such as psychological counseling,health education and other nursing interventions to help patients improve the fatigue status.