体育教学复杂运动情境的创设——基于生态动力学理论

Creation of Complex Movement Situations in Physical Education——Based on Ecodynamic Theory

《义务教育体育与健康课程标准(2022年版)》提出创设多种复杂运动情境的教学建议,强调学生在具体的运动情境中获得丰富的运动体验和认知。基于生态动力学理论,围绕“为何创设体育教学复杂运动情境”和“如何创设体育教学复杂运动情境”两个关键问题进行理论探索与路径分析。研究认为,体育教学复杂运动情境创设的必要性体现在其对于非线性运动学习、具身性运动学习和整体性运动学习的促进作用;体育教学复杂运动情境的创设路径包括调节约束条件控制、创造外部注意焦点、激发可变运动模式和促进感知行动耦合。“创设体育教学复杂运动情境”旨在丰富体育教师“学习环境设计师”的角色,体育教师应“善用”约束调控、“慎用”教学时机、“舍得”教学时间、“生成”教学评价。

The Physical Education and Health Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education(2022 Edition)puts forward the teaching suggestion of creating various complex movement contexts,emphasizing that students can obtain rich movement experience and cognition in specific movement contexts.Based on the theory of ecological dynamics,the theoretical exploration and path analysis centers on the two key issues of“why to create complex movement contexts in physical education”and“how to create complex movement contexts in physical education”.The study concludes that the necessity of creating complex movement contexts in physical education is reflected in the promotion of non-linear,embodied and holistic movement learning,and that the paths of creating complex movement contexts in physical education include regulating constraints control,creating an external focus of attention,stimulating variable movement patterns,and facilitating the coupling of perceptual actions.“The creation of complex motor contexts in physical education”aims to enrich the role of physical education teachers as“learning environment designers”,and physical education teachers should“make good use”of constraint control,“make prudent use”of teaching timing,“make generous use”of teaching time,and“make generative use”of teaching evaluation.