瑞典大众体育政策发展历程、特征及启示

Development History, Characteristics and Implications of Swedish Mass Sports Policy

体育政策在国家体育事业发展中具有直接的指导作用。运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等,对瑞典大众体育政策发展的历程、特征及启示进行研究。研究认为:瑞典大众体育政策的发展经历了新兴工业社会下快速发展期(1900-1950年)、福利性社会下推进发展期(1951-1990年)、自由市场经济下深入发展期(1991-2024年)三个阶段。政策特征体现在福利性、伞状治理、公共性和政治性四个方面。对我国的启示如下:坚持“以人民为中心”的体育发展观;加强基层体育组织的“扁平化”治理;完善共建共治共享的大众体育协同治理制度;强化政府监管与领导力建设。

Sports policy has a direct guiding role in the development of national sports.The history,characteristics and revelation of the development of mass sports policy in Sweden are studied by using literature method and logical analysis method.The study concludes that the development of mass sports policy in Sweden has gone through three stages:the period of rapid development under the emerging industrial society(1900-1950),the period of advancing development under the welfare-based society(1951-1990),and the period of in-depth development under the free market economy(1991-2024).The policy features are embodied in 4 aspects:welfare,umbrella governance,public feature and political feature.The paper proposes to adhere to the“people-centered”concept of sports development,strengthen the“flat”governance of grass-roots sports organizations,improve the collaborative governance system of mass sports for common building,common governance and sharing,and strengthen the government’s supervision and leadership.