女贞子活性成分代谢特征及药理作用研究进展

Research Progress on Metabolic Characteristics and Pharmacological Effects of Active Ingredients in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus

女贞子包含五环三萜类、苯乙醇苷类、环烯醚萜类及黄酮类等多种成分,同时还含挥发油、多糖和脂肪酸等成分,其具备多种药理活性表现,例如抵抗癌症、预防骨质疏松、减缓炎症止痛、保护肝脏、促进头发生长和明目等,但因其口服生物利用度低,有关其在体内外的吸收代谢过程及其药理作用机制研究较少,极大地影响了女贞子的后续研究。因此,对女贞子中主要的活性成分、体内外吸收代谢及其药理作用进行综述;女贞子主要化学成分多于肝脏和肠道代谢,体内吸收方式有主动运输和被动扩散等,代谢方式主要为氧化和葡萄糖醛酸化等,旨在为深入开发女贞子药用价值提供参考。

Ligustri Lucidi Fructus contains pentacyclic triterpenoids,phenylethanoid glycosides,iridoids,and flavonoids,as well as volatile oils,polysaccharides,and fatty acids.It has a variety of pharmacological activities,such as anticancer,prevention of osteoporosis,slowing inflammation pain,protecting the liver,promoting hair growth and eyesight,etc.However,due to its low oral bioavailability,there are few studies on its absorption and metabolism in vivo and in vitro and its pharmacological mechanism,which greatly affects further studies on Ligustri Lucidi Fructus.Therefore,the main active components,in vivo and in vitro absorption metabolism,and pharmacological effects of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus were reviewed.The main chemical components of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus are mostly metabolized in the liver and intestines.The absorption methods in the body include active transport and passive diffusion,etc.The metabolic modes are mainly oxidation and glucuronidation.The aim of this review is to provide references for further development of the medicinal value of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus.