我国电力行业技术效率变动及其影响因素研究

Research on Technical Efficiency Changes and Its Influencing Factors in China's Electric Power Industry

深入研究我国电力行业生产技术效率的变动及其影响因素是推动我国电力行业可持续发展的重要一环。利用DEA模型、工具变量法和宏观统计数据,对2016—2021年近五年我国电力行业生产技术效率的变动趋势进行分析,并识别影响电力生产效率的关键因素。研究结论包括:2016—2021年我国平均发电技术效率为0.6957,电力行业的技术效率还有一定提升的空间;我国各省市自治区电力行业的平均投入、产出水平和技术效率具有较为明显的差异;从影响因素来看,对外开放水平、人口水平和科技投入情况是提升目前我国电力行业技术效率的关键因素,而提升GDP已经不能促进电力行业技术效率,并且目前环境治理投入对电力行业的技术效率的影响也不明显;从不同地区来看,不同地区省份影响电力行业技术效率的因素不同。

An in-depth study of the changes in the production technical efficiency of China's electric power industry and its influencing factors is an important part of promoting the sustainable development of China's electric power industry.Using the DEA model,instrumental variable method and macro statistics,the trend of changes in the production technology efficiency of China's electric power industry in the last five years from 2016-2021 is analysed,and key factors affecting electric power production efficiency are identified.The conclusions of the study include:in 2016-2021,the average technical efficiency of power generation in China is 0.6957,and there is still some room for improvement in the technical efficiency of the power industry;the average input and output levels and technical efficiency of the power industry in China's provinces,cities,and autonomous regions have more obvious differences;in terms of the influencing factors,the level of opening up to the outside world,the level of population,and the scientific and technological investment situation are the key factors for The level of opening to the outside world,population level and scientific and technological inputs are the key factors to enhance the technical efficiency of China's electric power industry at present,while the enhancement of GDP can no longer promote the technical efficiency of the electric power industry,and the current impact of the environmental governance inputs on the technical efficiency of the electric power industry is not obvious;from the point of view of different regions,the factors affecting the technical efficiency of the electric power industry are different in different regional provinces.