不同类型配生土与固体废弃物大田配施对绿地土壤理化性质和白玉兰生长的影响

Effects of field application of different types of“All-Purpose-Soil” and solid waste on the physical and chemical properties of greenbelt soil and the growth of Magnolia denudata

为研究白玉兰配生土与固体废弃物配施对绿地土壤理化性质和白玉兰生长的影响,利用4种白玉兰配生土(降盐型、沃土型、消污型和疏松型)与3种固体废弃物(建筑废弃物、农林废弃物和餐厨垃圾有氧发酵初产物)进行大田配施,于白玉兰种植后180d、360d和720d分别测定表层土壤(0—30cm)pH、水溶性盐分含量、有机质含量、容重以及白玉兰相对生长率和叶绿素含量。结果表明:4种配生土和3种固体废弃物大田配施后,与原土处理(CK)相比,土壤pH和容重分别降低了8.53%—13.36%和22.62%—48.61%,水溶性盐分和有机质含量分别提高了182.9%—745.9%和38.45%—279.3%;种植后720d,白玉兰株高相对生长率提高了25.9%—102.9%,叶绿素含量提高了46.95%—67.38%。综合考虑土壤改良效果和固体废弃物消纳能力,处理降盐型Y2、沃土型F3、消污型M2和疏松型S2对土壤质量的改良及白玉兰植株生长作用较好,同时有助于固体废弃物的消纳和资源化利用。

In order to study the effects of mixed application of"All-Purpose-Soil"for Magnolia denudata and solid waste on the physical and chemical properties of greenbelt soil and the growth of M.denudata,4 types of "All-Purpose-Soil"for M.denudata(salt reducing type,fertile soil type,decontamination type,and loose type)combined with 3 types of solid waste(construction waste,agricultural and forestry waste,and initial products of food waste aerobic fermentation)were applied in the field.The pH,water-soluble salts content,organic matter content and bulk density of the surface soil(030 cm),as well as the relative growth rate and chlorophyll content of M.denudata were measured at 180 d,360 d,and 720 d after planting.The results showed that after the application of 4 types of"All-Purpose-Soil"and 3 types of solid waste in the field,compared with the original soil treatment(CK),the soil pH and bulk density decreased by 8.53%—13.36%and 22.62%—48.61%,respectively,and the water-soluble salts content and organic matter content increased by 182.9%-745.9%and 38.45%-279.3%,respectively;After 720 days of planting,the relative growth rate of M.denudata plant height increased by 25.9%to 102.9%,and the chlorophyll content increased by 46.95%to 67.38%.Taking into account the soil improvement effects and solid waste disposal capacity,the treatments of salt reducing type Y2,fertile soil type F3,decontamination type M2,and loose type S2 had good effects on improving soil quality and promoting the growth of M.denudata plants.They could effectively improve soil quality,promote plant growth,and contribute to the disposal and resource utilization of solid waste.