淡紫拟青霉及哈茨木霉混配冻干粉剂的制备及药效研究

Preparation and efficacy of lyophilized power of Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma harzianum

以淡紫拟青霉和哈茨木霉为研究对象,选择合适的冻干保护剂及浓度制备淡紫拟青霉和哈茨木霉冻干粉剂,同时以苹果轮纹病为防治对象,进行混配菌剂的室内离体试验。结果表明:淡紫拟青霉冻干保护剂最佳配方组合为蔗糖10%、乳糖10%、甘油5%,当-80℃预冻18 h,菌体∶保护剂=2∶3时,淡紫拟青霉冻干存活率达85.23%;哈茨木霉冻干保护剂组成为蔗糖15%、蛋白胨2%、甘油5%,当-80℃预冻18 h,菌体∶保护剂=1∶1时,哈茨木霉冻干存活率可达95.25%。哈茨木霉与淡紫拟青霉冻干粉以6∶4的比例混配时,对苹果轮纹病防效最佳,防治效率可达70.24%。该结果有助于解决冻干菌剂在加工过程中容易失活、环境中存活时间短、药效不稳定等问题,可为开发良好的生防菌新剂型提供依据,对推动生物农药行业的发展有重要意义。

This study focused on Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma harzianum as the research subjects.The objective was to select a suitable lyophilized protective agent and concentration for the preparation of lyophilized powder of Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma harzianum.Additionally,we conducted an indoor in vitro test using the bacterial agent mixture,targeting control of Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp.Piricola.The results showed that the optimal formulation for the Paecilomyces lilacinus lyophilized protective agent consisted of 10%sucrose,10%lactose,and 5%glycerol.When pre-frozen at-80 C for 18 hours,the Paecilomyces lilacinus lyophilized survival rate was 85.23%with a bacterium-to-protectant ratio of 2:3.The lyophilized protective agent for Trichoderma harzianum contained 15%sucrose,2%peptone,and 5%glycerol.When pre-frozen at-80 C for 18 hours,the survival rate of Trichoderma harzianum following lyophilization reached 95.25%when the bacterium-to-protective agent ratio was 1:1.Furthermore,when the lyophilized powder of Trichoderma harzianum and Paecilomyces lilacinus were mixed in a ratio of 6:4,it demonstrated the most effective prevention against Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp.Piricola,with a remarkable prevention and control efficiency of 70.24%.These findings addressed the challenges associated with freeze-dried fungicides,such as easy inactivation,short survival time in the environment,and unstable efficacy.Moreover,they provided a solid foundation for the development of novel and effective biopesticide formulations,marking a significant milestone in promoting the growth of the biopesticide industry.