设施番茄智能水肥一体化系统设计

Design of intelligent water and fertilizer integrated system for facility tomatoes

传统的番茄灌溉施肥方式以滴灌与叶面喷施为主,靠人工经验,不仅水肥利用率低,而且易造成养分投入比例不合理,浪费严重等问题。针对以上问题,本研究结合无线传感网络技术与自动控制技术,提出设施番茄智能水肥一体化系统。该系统根据目标产量、设施番茄植株长势、需肥规律等要素,构建环境信息采集系统、智能服务平台、灌溉施肥系统以及大棚自动控制系统,可实时监控设施番茄生长环境和生长发育情况,并根据番茄生长不同阶段需肥规律,实现灌溉、施肥的定时、定量控制,充分提高水肥利用率。

The traditional methods of tomato irrigation and fertilization are mainly drip irrigation and foliar spraying,relying on manual experience,which not only has a low utilization rate of water and fertilizer,but also is prone to cause problems such as unreasonable nutrient input ratio and serious waste.In response to the above issues,this study proposed an intelligent water and fertilizer integration system for facility tomatoes based on wireless sensor network technology and automatic control technology.The system built an environmental information collection system,intelligent service platform,irrigation and fertilization system,and greenhouse automatic control system based on factors such as target yield,plant growth potential,and fertilizer requirements of facility tomatoes,which could monitor the growth environment and development of facility tomatoes in real time.According to the fertilizer requirement law of different tomato growth stages,the system achieved timed and quantitative control of irrigation and fertilization,fully improving the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer.