快速康复外科理念对行颈椎前路手术患者术后并发症发生率及康复效果的影响

Impact of the fast track surgery concept on the incidence of postoperative complications and rehabilitation effect in patients undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery

目的分析行颈椎前路手术的患者在护理期间应用快速康复外科理念的价值,评估对其术后并发症发生率以及康复效果产生的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2022年8月在东南大学附属中大医院接受颈椎前路手术治疗的104例患者开展对照研究,按照随机数字表法划分为对照组(52例)和观察组(52例)。对照组应用常规护理,观察组基于常规护理应用快速康复外科理念。对比2组的围手术期指标、吞咽功能及生活自理能力等。结果与对照组相比,观察组的手术时间、引流管留置时间和住院时间均更短,术中出血量更少,下床活动时间更早,并发症总发生率更低(P均<0.05)。术后1个月、3个月及6个月,观察组的Gugging吞咽功能评估量表评分和Barthel指数均高于同期对照组(P均<0.05),且2组均高于同组术前(P均<0.05)。结论行颈椎前路手术的患者接受快速外科理念护理不仅对促进其术后康复具有确切效果,还有助于改善患者的吞咽功能,提升其生活自理能力,并降低并发症发生率。

Objective To analyze the value of applying the fast track surgery concept during nursing for patients undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery,and to evaluate the impact on the incidence of postoperative complications and rehabilitation effect.Methods A controlled study was conducted on 104 patients who underwent anterior cervical spine surgery at the Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from January 2020 to August 2022.They were randomly divided into a control group(52 cases)and an observation group(52 cases)using a random number table method.The control group received routine nursing,while the observation group received fast track surgery concept based on routine nursing.The perioperative indicators,swallowing function,and self-care ability of the two groups were compared.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group had shorter surgical time,drainage tube retention time,and hospital stay,less intraoperative bleeding,earlier ambulation time,and lower overall incidence of complications(all P<0.05).At 1 month,3 months,and 6 months after surgery,the Gugging Swallowing Screen score and Barthel Index of the observation group were higher than those of the control group during the same period(all P<0.05),and the above scores of both groups were higher than those of the same group before surgery(all P<0.05).Conclusion Fast track surgery concept nursing for patients undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery not only has a definite effect on promoting their postoperative recovery,but also helps improve their swallowing function,enhance their self-care ability,and reduce the incidence of complications.