信阳方言的持续体标记及其类型特征

The Continuance Markers and Type Characteristics of Xinyang Dialect

信阳方言中的持续体标记“倒”可用在部分动词和少量形容词之后,“得些”只能附着在部分动态动词之后,“带”主要居于词组或句子之后,它们的主要语法功能是表示动作的进行或状态的持续。“倒”“得些”属于[t]类声母,与河南境内中原官话普遍使用的[t■]/[■]类声母类型不同,而与江淮官话黄孝片方言、西南官话鄂北及鄂中片方言属于同一类型。句末持续体标记“带”属于单纯的“在”型,与河南北部常见的“哩”型不同,而与西南官话、江淮官话等南系官话的类型特征一致,这说明中原官话中强势的“里/哩”型尚未扩张影响到信阳。

In Xinyang dialect,the continuance marker[tau 0](倒)can be used after some verbs and a few adjectives,[■](得些)can only be attached after some dynamic verbs,and[tai 0](带)is mainly after phrases or sentences,whose main grammatical function is to indicate the continuation of an action or a state.[tau 0](倒)and[■](得些)belong to the[t]class consonants,which are different from the[■]/[■]class consonants commonly used in Zhongyuan Mandarin in Henan Province,and belong to the same type as Huangxiao dialects of Jianghuai(the Changjiang and Huaihe Rivers)Mandarin,and Northern and Central Hubei dialects of Southwest Mandarin.The continuance marker[tai 0](带)at the end of the sentence belongs to the single type of zai(在),which is different from the common type of li(哩)in northern Henan,but is consistent with the type characteristics of Southern Mandarin such as Southwest Mandarin and Jianghuai Mandarin,which indicates that the strong type of li(哩)in Zhongyuan Mandarin has not expanded to affect Xinyang.