面向关系特性建模的知识图谱表示学习研究综述

Survey of Knowledge Graph Representation Learning for Relation Feature Modeling

知识图谱表示学习技术可以将符号化的知识图谱转换为实体和关系的数值化表示,进而有效结合各类深度学习模型以赋能知识增强的下游应用。相较于实体,关系充分体现了知识图谱中的语义信息,建模关系的各类特性对知识图谱表示学习的性能非常关键。首先,针对一对一、一对多、多对一和多对多的复杂映射特性,梳理基于关系感知映射的模型、基于特定表示空间的模型、基于张量分解的模型和基于神经网络的模型;接着,面向建模对称、反对称、逆反和组合特性的多种关系模式,总结基于改进张量分解的模型、基于改进关系感知映射的模型和基于旋转操作的模型;其次,面向建模实体间隐含的层次关系,介绍基于辅助信息的模型、基于双曲空间的模型和基于极坐标系的模型。最后,针对稀疏知识图谱和动态知识图谱等更加复杂的情况,从融合多模态信息的知识图谱表示学习、规则增强的关系模式建模和针对动态知识图谱表示学习的关系特性建模等方面,讨论该领域研究的未来发展方向。

Knowledge graph representation learning techniques can transform symbolic knowledge graphs into numerical representations of entities and relations,and then effectively combine various deep learning models to facilitate downstream applications of knowledge enhancement.In contrast to entities,relations fully embody semantics in knowledge graphs.Thus,modeling various characteristics of relations significantly influences the performance of knowledge graph representation learning.Firstly,aiming at the complex mapping properties of one-to-one,one-to-many,many-to-one,and many-to-many relations,relation-aware mapping-based models,specific representation space-based models,tensor decomposition-based models,and neural network-based models are reviewed.Next,focusing on modeling various relation patterns such as symmetry,asymmetry,inversion,and composition,we summarize models based on modified tensor decomposition,models based on modified relation-aware mapping,and models based on rotation operations.Subsequently,considering the implicit hierarchical relations among entities,we introduce auxiliary information-based models,hyperbolic spaces-based models,and polar coordinate system-based models.Finally,for more complex scenarios such as sparse knowledge graphs and dynamic knowledge graphs,this paper discusses some future research directions.It explores ideas like integrating multimodal information into knowledge graph representation learning,rule-enhanced relation patterns mo-deling,and modeling relation characteristics for dynamic knowledge graph representation learning.