地膜污染对农田土壤与作物影响及其控制研究

Effects of plastic film pollution on farmland soil and crops and its control

地膜在农业生产中具有增温保水、除草、节省肥料等作用,但随着地膜覆盖范围的扩大、不合理使用以及残膜回收机制的匮乏,使得大量地膜残留于土壤中,对土壤性状、作物产量及其生长发育造成不良影响。文章综述了残膜对土壤理化性质、生物学性质、作物产量与品质研究进展,同时对地膜污染影响因子进行分析,并从政策法规、地膜技术研发等方面提出地膜污染控制对策,旨在为地膜污染监测、治理提供科学引导和参考,促进农业的可持续发展。

Plastic film has the functions of increasing temperature and water weeding and saving fertilizer in agricultural production,however,with the expansion of plastic film coverage,unreasonable use and lack of residual film recovery mechanism,a large number of plastic films remain in the soil,causing adverse effects on soil properties,crop yield and growth and development.This paper summarizes the research progress of residual film on soil physicochemical properties,biological properties,crop yield and quality,analyzes the influencing factors of plastic film pollution,and puts forward the control countermeasures of plastic film pollution from the aspects of policies,regulations and research and development of plastic film technology,aiming to provide scientific guidance and reference for the monitoring and treatment of plastic film pollution and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.