九年级学生数学问题解决能力影响因素的调查

A survey and research on the influencing factors of mathematical problem-solvingability among ninth grade students

数学问题解决能力是数学素养的重要体现,分析九年级学生数学问题解决能力发展特征和影响因素对义务教育阶段数学素养的落实具有参考和启示价值.根据研究文献编制测试问卷和调查问卷,对507名九年级学生进行测评和调查,并采用波利亚的问题解决四个步骤对学生的解答进行分析.研究发现:学生个人因素直接影响他们的数学问题解决能力;课程与教学因素通过对学生个人因素产生影响,进而影响学生的数学问题解决能力;父母学历因素通过影响学生个人因素和课程与教学因素,进而影响学生数学问题解决能力,其中父母学历因素对学生个人因素的影响存在部分中介效应,中介变量为课程与教学因素.基于研究结果,提出注重学生积极数学观的培养、实施问题解决导向的课堂教学,引导学生正确使用教材,增进家校的衔接和互补等培养策略.

Mathematical problem-solving ability is an important manifestation of mathematical literacy.Analyzing the development characteristics and influencing factors of Ninth grade students’mathematical problem-solving ability has reference and enlightenment value for the implementation of Mathematics education in the compulsory Educational stage.According to the research literature,test questionnaire and survey questionnaire were developed,and 557 ninth grade students were evaluated and surveyed,and Polya’s four stages of problem solving were used to analyze the students’answers.The research found that Ninth grade students’mathematical problem-solving ability was seriously differentiated,and their awareness of reflection and verification of problems was still weak;Students’mathematical views and metacognition directly affect their mathematical problem-solving abilities.The use of textbooks and classroom teaching also have a significant impact on students’mathematical problem-solving abilities.However,the influence of parental education factors on students’personal factors is partially mediated,with the mediating variable being curriculum and teaching factors.Based on the research results,some cultivation strategies have been proposed,including emphasizing the cultivation of students’positive mathematical views,implementing problem-solving oriented classroom teaching,guiding students to use textbooks correctly,and enhancing the connection and complementarity between home and school.