超滑表面的抑霜与融霜特性

Frosting retardation and defrosting performance on slippery surfaces

为解决低温高湿环境中超疏水表面防霜失效问题,通过超疏水表面粗糙基底灌注润滑油方法制作了超滑表面,并对其润湿特性和微观形貌进行了表征.设计并搭建了防冰霜系统和竖直融霜试验测试平台,对超滑表面、超疏水表面和纯铜表面的动态结霜和融霜过程进行了研究.结果表明:超滑表面可在基底多孔的粗糙结构中形成动态油膜层,能够有效减少霜晶形核吸附,防止“冰桥”形成,霜波传递速度与结霜质量均显著低于超疏水表面和纯铜表面,展现了优异的抑霜性能;在竖直融霜排液过程中,测试表面融霜效率与结霜质量呈正相关,超滑表面融霜水残留质量及表面覆盖率略高于超疏水表面,但远低于纯铜表面,具有良好的融霜排液效果.

To solve the frost failure problem on super-hydrophobic surfaces in low temperature and high humidity environment,the slippery surface was fabricated by coating with lubricant oil on the rough super-hydrophobic surface.The wettability and microstructures of slippery surfaces were determined.The experimental platforms of frost prevention system and vertical defrosting test system were designed and constructed to investigate the dynamic behavior of frosting and defrosting on slippery surface,super-hydrophobic surface and pure copper surface.The results show that on the slippery surface,the dynamic lubricant film can be generated in the porous and rough structures of the substrate,which can effectively reduce the frost crystal nucleation and prevent the formation of"ice bridge".The frost mass and propagation speed wave on slippery surface are significantly lower than those on super-hydrophobic surface and pure copper surface,which shows better frost inhibition performance.During the process of vertical defrosting and drainage,the defrosting efficiency on each surface is proportional to the frosting mass.The mass and surface coverage of residual water upon defrosting on slippery surfaces are slightly higher than that on super-hydrophobic surface and lower than that on pure copper surface,which exhibits good defrosting and drainage performance.