三维激光扫描技术在建筑数字化中的研究

Research on building digitization based on 3D laser scanning technology

针对传统的单点测量效率低、工作量大、监测结果存在片面性的问题,该研究提出了基于三维激光扫描技术的建筑物模型重构方法,先用地面三维扫描系统获取建筑物三维模型,提取目标特征点,再将RANSAC算法与欧式聚类方法相结合分割建筑物立面,满足建筑数字化的要求。该研究在对三维数据预处理后进行半自动滤波去噪和平面拟合,能准确地提取建筑物立面信息。实验结果表明,本文模型产生噪声少,平面拟合优越性高,精度约在99%左右,能达到建筑物精细化建模的目的。

To address the problems of low efficiency,heavy workload and one-sidedness of the traditional single-point measurement,this study proposes a building model reconstruction method based on 3D laser scanning technology.Firstly,a ground 3D scanning system is used to obtain the 3D building model,from which target feature points are extracted.Then,the RANSAC algorithm is combined with European clustering method to segment the building facade,meeting the requirements of building digitization.In this study,the building facade information can be accurately extracted by preprocessing the 3D data,and using semi-automatic filtering to denoise and plane fitting.The experimental results show that the proposed model produces less noise,has superior plane fitting performance,with an accuracy of about 99%,which can achieve the purpose of fine building modeling.