激光焊接过程多尺度数值模拟研究现状与展望

Current Status and Prospect of Multi-Scale Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding Process

激光焊接技术作为一种先进焊接技术已被广泛应用在高端制造业中,但匙孔和熔池复杂的热力行为很大程度上决定了接头质量。因此,研究揭示激光-匙孔-熔池之间热力耦合行为规律及其对焊接质量的影响,对激光焊接工艺开发及其应用推广具有重要意义,但其很难用试验的方法进行研究。数值模拟以其成本低、效率高等优势,已被广泛应用于焊接过程多物理场行为等焊接基础理论研究,目前,激光焊接多物理场研究中已开发了不同尺度的数值模拟方法。基于国内外研究成果的归纳分析,归结总结了激光焊接在原子尺度、微观尺度、宏观尺度以及多尺度耦合数值模拟中采用的主要方法及取得的主要进展,根据激光焊接过程多尺度数值模拟发展现状,展望了其未来发展趋势。

As an advanced welding technology,laser welding technology has been widely used in high-end manufacturing industries,while the complex thermodynamic behaviors of the keyhole and the molten pool determines the quality of the joint,which has influences on the further development and the applications of laser welding technology.Numerical simulation methods have been widely used in basic theoretical research of welding such as multi-physical filed behaviors of welding process because of its their low cost and high efficiency.At present,numerical simulation methods with different scales had been developed in the multi-physics field research of laser welding.Based on the research achievements at home and abroad,the main methods and research contents used in the numerical simulation of laser welding at the atomic scale,micro-scale,macro-scale,and multi-scale coupling were summarized in this paper,and their characteristics were analyzed.Finally,the prospect of the development of multi-scale numerical simulation of laser welding was discussed.