心脑血管疾病患者数字健康素养现状及相关因素研究

Current status and related factors of eHealth literacy in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

目的选择合适的数字健康素养量表探讨心脑血管疾病患者数字健康素养现状及相关因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2023年2-5月北京市2家三甲医院心内科或神经内科的310例心脑血管疾病患者为研究对象。采用数字健康素养量表(EHLS)、电子健康素养量表(eHEALS)、移动版电子健康素养量表(m-eHEALS)对其进行调查。采用相关性分析、内部一致性分析、结构效度分析选择研究所用的主量表,采用二项Logistic回归分析探究心脑血管疾病患者数字健康素养的相关因素。结果本研究共发放问卷310份,有效回收302份,有效率为97.42%。3个量表中,EHLS量表的信效度较好。302例患者EHLS得分为(37.73±9.66)分,合格率为13.91%(42/302)。二项Logistic回归分析结果显示,心脑血管疾病病程(OR=0.615,95%CI:0.465~0.813)和对自己健康状况的关注程度(OR=0.669,95%CI:0.478~0.937)是心脑血管疾病患者数字健康素养的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论心脑血管患者的数字健康素养合格率较低,病程短和对自己的健康状况关注程度高是心脑血管患者数字健康素养的保护因素。

Objective To explore the current status and related factors of eHealth literacy in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients by selecting an appropriate digital eHealth literacy scale.Methods From February to May 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 310 cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients from the Department of Cardiology and Neurology of two Class II Grade A hospitals in Beijing as study subjects.E-Health Literacy Scale(EHLS),the eHealth Literacy Scale(eHEALS),and the Mobile eHealth Literacy Scale(m-eHEALS)were used to survey patients.Correlation analysis,internal consistency analysis,and structural validity analysis were used to select the main scale for the study.Binomial Logistic regression was used to explore the related factors of eHealth literacy in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients.Results A total of 310 questionnaires were distributed,and 302 were effectively collected,with an effective rate of 97.42%.Among the three scales,the EHLS had good reliability and validity.The EHLS score of 302 patients was(37.73±9.66),with a qualified rate of 13.91%(42/302).Binomial Logistic regression analysis showed that the course of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease(OR=0.615,95%CI:0.465-0.813)and the level of concern for one's own health status(0R=0.669,95%CI:0.478-0.937)were related factors for eHealth literacy in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patient(P<0.05).Conclusions The qualification rate of eHealth literacy for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients is relatively low.A short course of disease and a high level of concern for one's own health status are protective factors for eHealth literacy in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients.